442 



ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



301 



membrane is disposed in longitudinal ruga;, most marked at the 

 cardiac half; the orifices of gastric follicles are numerous at the 

 pyloric portion. Here Hunter noticed ' a glandular part on one 

 side, a little way from the pylorus, with many orifices.' 1 In the 

 Turtle ( Chelone) the muscular tunic of the stomach becomes, in 

 the adult, remarkably thick, for due compression of the vegetable 

 contents ; in the young animal the coats are as thin as in Emys? 

 In this genus, and other carnivorous Chclonia, the cardiac orifice 

 is very wide compared with the pyloric. 



The Crocodilia present the most complex stomach known in 



existing members of the Reptilian 

 class. The principal cavity is of a 

 rather flattened sub-circular or full 

 oval shape ; there is a tendon, fig. 

 298, i, at the middle of each side, 

 better defined than in Clielonia, and 

 the muscular fibres radiate therefrom, 

 ih.f,f. It communicates by a wide 

 aperture with the oesophagus, and by 

 a very narrow one with the pyloric 

 portion, ib. g, which is a small sub- 

 spherical pouch with a still smaller 

 oblique aperture into the intestine, 

 ib. h. The analogy to the gizzard of 

 the bird is further shown by the fre- 

 epuent occurrence of stones in the 

 stomach of the Crocodile. 3 In all 

 carnivorous Reptiles the prey is swal- 

 lowed whole, and its entry into the 

 stomach is easy : but nothing is per- 

 mitted to pass out into the intestine 

 except the chyme and other fluids. 

 In herbivorous Reptiles the pylorus gives passage to vegetable 

 matters whose digestion is completed in the colon. 



In the disposition and attachment of the intestinal canal, the 



Abdominal viscera of a Lizard. ccxxxv. 



1 ccxxxvi. vol. ii. p. 357. 



2 xx. torn. i. p. 146, preps, nos. 514-516. 



3 xx. vol. i. p. 146, prep. no. 518 a. In the stomach of a Crocodilus acutus, from 

 Jamaica, Hunter 'found the whole of the feathers of a hird, with a few of the bones, 

 which had lost all their earth, exactly similar to a bone which has been steeped in an 

 acid.... There were stones in the stomach of considerable size, larger, e. g. than the 

 end of a man's thumb.' ccxxxvi. vol. ii. p. 337. Dr. Jones (ccxlv. p. 94) found in 

 the stomach of an Alligator ' the bones, teeth, hoofs, and hair of a pig ; the flesh had 

 been entirely digested.' 



