NERVES OF MAMMALIA. 153 



through the foramen near the upper opening of the nasal passage, 

 and ramifies upon the plicated membranes of the blow-hole. The 

 dental nerves are large from both maxillary and mandibular 

 divisions of the fifth : the gustatory branch is, relatively, small ; 

 and sends off a filamentary ' chorda tympani,' which may be traced 

 to the trunk of the facial, and is connected, in its course, with the 

 carotid plexus of the sympathetic. 



In Ruminantia the first division of the ' fifth' subdivides into 

 frontal and nasal : the latter supplies the upper part of the 

 septum and the superior turbinal, and sends a few branches to 

 the fore part of the nose, which meet these filaments reflected 

 from the second division of the fifth. The branches to the 

 lacrymal and harderian glands, to the eyelids, and the larger 

 one which passes out of the orbit to the integuments of the 

 temple, and which chiefly supplies the horn-core, or the growing 

 antler, may be traced back distinctly to the Gasserian ganglion. 

 The second division of the fifth, escaping by the foramen ro- 

 tundum, sends antorbital branches to supply the upper lip, the 

 nostril, and the pituitary membrane at the lower part of the 

 nose. It also sends off the lateral nasal, receiving the ' vidian ' 

 nerve, and supplying the inferior turbinal : lastly, the e palatine ' 

 and upper dental nerves. The ganglionic part of the third 

 division gives off the ' buccal nerve,' connected with an • otic 

 ganglion,' supplying the superficial muscles and skin behind the 

 angle of the mouth, and communicating with branches of the 

 ' seventh ' or facial nerve ; the large branch dividing into the 

 inferior dental and gustatory nerves, the latter receiving the 

 ( chorda tympani : ' lastly, the external auricular, passing behind 

 the mandibular ramus, joining the middle branch of the { seventh,' 

 and supplying the muscles of the ear, but mainly distributed to 

 its sensitive surface. 1 The non-ganglionic part of the fifth 

 supplies the temporal, masseter, and pterygoid muscles, also the 

 mylohyoid and anterior part of the occipito-hyoid or digastric : 

 the part going to the otic ganglion is continued therefrom to the 

 internal pterygoid and to the muscles of the soft palate. A 

 ganglion called ( submaxillary ' and situated near the deeper part 

 of the gland so named, is connected by filaments with the gusta- 

 tory nerve. 



In Swan's dissection of the cerebral nerves of the jaguar he 



found the superior nasal sending a branch to join the one from 



the lenticular ganglion to form ciliary nerves, and then pass 



forward to send one branch into the nose and another to the skin 



1 See dissection of the trigeminal of Bos, in liv, pi. xxxii. fig. 3. 



