214 



ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



folds, most of which coalesce to form a larger and more simple 

 ethmoturbinal than in the Horse; the nasoturbinal is very long 

 and slender : the maxilloturbinal of much greater extent, espe- 

 cially in vertical diameter : it terminates forward obtusely. In 

 the Sheep the nasoturbinal is relatively deeper and less pointed 

 than in the Ox. The nasal passages, from the lower border of 

 their anterior outlet, traverse nearly three-fourths of the longi- 

 tudinal extent of the long and slender skull of the Giraffe, fig. 

 157. The upper folds of the ' labyrinth ' coalesce, and are pro- 

 duced into the moderately long and deep ( ethmoturbinal ' a : 

 the i nasoturbinal,' b, deepest behind, is longer and more pointed 



Left half uf nasal cavity and turbinate, exposed in section ol cranium ; Giraffe, xovn' 



anteriorly than in other Ruminants ; the ' maxilloturbinal,' c, is 

 large and deep, finely reticulate or perforate ; it is crossed by 

 part of the vomer in fig. 157. The extent to which the air- 

 sinuses communicating with the nasal chamber are extended is 

 shown in this section, and noted in vol. ii. pp. 477, 478. The 

 nasopalatine nerve entering the chamber below the fore-end of 

 the ethmoturbinal receives some part of the olfactory filaments 

 converging toward that end, then sends upward and forward a 

 small branch to the nasoturbinal ; a larger branch downward and 

 outward to the chamber-wall and its lining ; the main part being 

 expanded on the long nasoturbinal. 



In the Ruminants a gradation may be traced in the extent of 

 the glandular and, in health, moist part of the skin of the ex- 

 ternal nose, from the Sheep, where it is a mere linear tract from 

 the mid-furrow of the upper lip bifurcating to each oblique nostril, 



