634 



ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



Post auditory 

 pits. 



No suborbital, 

 or maxillary 

 pits. 



No suborbital, (■ Antilope Strepsiceros. Woods and banks of rivers, Caffraria ; 



or maxillary subgregarious. 



lts ' sylvatica. "Woods, Caffraria ; in pairs. 



scripta. 



Koha. Senegal. 



Kob. Senegal. 



Eleotragus. Reedy banks, Cape ; subgregarious. 



rcdunca. Goree. 



caprcolus. Underwood, S. Africa ; subgregarious. 



Landiana. Underwood, S. Africa ; subgregarious. 

 Antilope Bupicapra. Mountains, Europe ; subgregarious. 



Antilope Addax. Deserts, N. Africa ; in pairs. 



leucoryx. Acacia groves, N. Africa ; gregarious. 



Oryx. Woods and plains, S. Africa ; subgregarious. 



leucophaa. Open plains, S. Africa ; subgregarious. 



barbata. Open plains, S. Africa ; in pairs. 



equina. Plains, S. Africa ; gregarious. 



elypsiprynmus. 6. Africa. 



Oreas. Open plains, S. Africa ; gregarious. 



Carina. Desert, Cape ; gregarious. 



Goral. Elevated plains, Himmalay ; gregarious. 



From the foregoing summary it may be inferred that the 

 scented secretion of the suborbital sinus serves rather to attract 

 or guide the female, than a stray individual of a herd. In the 

 African Water-hogs a naso-maxillary pit opens between the eye 

 and snout, rather nearer the eye. 



In the Elephant a large gland of a flattened form and multi- 

 lobate structure, lies beneath the skin of the face, in the temporal 

 region : the secretion exudes from a small orifice, situated about 

 half way between the eye and ear. The gland enlarges, in the 

 male, at the rutting season, and the secretion then has a strong 

 musky odour. 



§ 366. Opening upon the trunk. — In certain tropical bats 

 (Cheiromeles torquatus, Cheir. caudatus, e.g.) a glandular sac 

 exudes upon the forepart of the breast, near the axilla, a brownish 

 sebaceous secretion of a penetrating submusky odour. 



In many Shrews two longitudinal series or groups of glandular 

 tubes, open upon the flanks, at a part surrounded by short hairs ; 

 the tubes are tortuous and closely conglomerated at their blind 

 ends, but become straighter near their termination. The peculiar 

 odour, more or less musky, of ISoricidce, is due to the secretion of 

 these glands, and makes the shrew-mouse unacceptable as food to 

 the cat that may have killed it. 



In the Peccari, a large gland, fig. 496, consisting of many 

 lobes, exudes its secretion by an orifice, ib. b, on the midline 

 toward the hinder part of the back. The resemblance of this 

 orifice to the navel on the opposite part of the trunk suggested 



