FEMALE ORGANS OF QUADRUMANA. 703 



these there are two smaller folds, or • labia minora,' continued from 

 the sides of the clitoris to the opposite part of the vulva ; and on 

 the internal surface of each of these folds there is a thick longitu- 

 dinal process of membrane projecting like the 'carunculae myrti- 

 formes,' into the cavity of the vagina. 



In Platyrhine Monkeys the uterus is long and narrow, with a 

 truncate fundus, the angles of which are not produced into cornua : 



it begins to show thicker muscular walls. The os tincae is hila- 

 rs 



biate : the urogenital tract is relatively longer than in Lemur, 

 equalling that of the vagina. The clitoris is of unwonted length, 

 and is pendent outwardly, like the penis of the male, in the Spider- 

 Monkeys ( Ateles) : it is not perforated by the urethra ; this opens 

 upon a longitudinal fold extending from the constricted limit of 

 the proper vagina to the vulva. 



In Catarhines the urogenital tract is always much shorter than 

 the vagina, and the uterus is long and slender. In Papio 

 Mormon the distended clitoris is three inches in length : the 

 glans is smooth: the inner surface of the proper vagina is 

 obliquely and transversely rugous: the external labia become 

 much swollen at the heat. In both Baboons and Macacques the 

 tunics of the uterus are thinnest at the fundus, the angles of 

 which are slightly produced, like a last indication of cornua. 

 At the cervix there are seen, besides the longitudinal folds, two 

 bulbous processes of the lining membrane; below these a large 

 os tineas, with a remarkably irregular surface, projects into the 

 vagina. This canal is lined by a dense epithelium, and presents 

 a few large longitudinal, and numerous small, compressed, trans- 

 verse and oblique rugae, the margins of which are crenated. A 

 transverse line divides the vagina from the urogenital canal, at 

 the commencement of which is the termination of the urethra and 

 also the orifices of the glandular sinuses, called canals of Gartner 

 or Malpighi. In Macacus Silenus, Hunter compares the constric- 

 tion with a caruncular prominence at the beginning of the uro- 

 genital tract to the ' hymen ': the ' glans clitoridis ' is sub-bifurcate. 

 In the Green-Monkey and other species of Cercopithecus, the ovaria 

 are compressed, and approach the triangular form ; the oviducts 

 enter the angles of the fundus of a simple undivided uterus : the 

 cervix uteri is occupied by several irregular longitudinal rugae; the 

 internal surface of the vagina presents a few oblique rugae. The 

 urethra, in Cere. Sabceus, terminates two-thirds of an inch within 

 the vulva, upon a longitudinal prominence, on each side of which 

 there is a transverse ridge dividing the vagina from the urogenital 

 passage : immediately beyond the constriction there are several 



