808 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



According to my derivative hypothesis, a change takes place 

 first in the structure of the animal, and this, when sufficiently 

 advanced, may lead to modifications of habits. But we have 

 no evidence that the observed amount of change in Porifera, 

 Foraminifera, and Anthozoa, &c. has been attended with any 

 change in the way or power in which they extract from their 

 ambient medium, and precipitate, silex and carbonate of lime, or 

 in the performance of any other vital function. As species rise 

 in the scale, the concomitant change of structure can and does 

 lead to change of habits. But species owe as little to the 

 accidental concurrence of environing circumstances as Kosmos de- 

 pends on a fortuitous concourse of atoms. A purposive route 

 of development and change, of correlation and interdependence, 

 manifesting intelligent Will, is as determinable in the succession 

 of races as in the development and organisation of the individual. 

 Generations do not vary accidentally, in any and every direction ; 

 but in preordained, definite, and correlated courses. 



If the survey of a series of siliceous polycystins and diatoms, 

 of zoophytes, of brachiopods, of ammonites, excites pleasure by 

 their beauty, and raises worship of the Power manifesting itself 

 in such inconceivable and exhaustless variety? I accept the relation 

 as one designed, and in His due time, fulfilled : — 



To doubt the fairness were to want an eye ; 

 To doubt the goodness were to want a heart ! 



' Derivation ' holds that every species changes, in time, by vir- 

 tue of inherent tendencies thereto. { Natural Selection ' holds 

 that no such change can take place without the influence of 

 altered external circumstances educing or selecting such change. 



' Derivation ' sees among the effects of the innate tendency to 

 change, irrespective of altered surrounding circumstances, a mani- 

 festation of creative power in the variety and beauty of the 

 results : and, in the ultimate forthcoming of a being susceptible of 

 appreciating such beauty, evidence of the preordaining of such 

 relation of power to the appreciation. ' Natural Selection ' ac- 

 knowledges that if ornament or beauty, in itself, should be a pur- 

 pose in creation, it would be absolutely fatal to it as a hypothesis. 



' Natural Selection ' sees grandeur in the " view of life, with its 

 several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator 

 into a few forms or into one : " l * Derivation ' sees, therein, a 

 narrow invocation of a special miracle and an unworthy limitation 

 pf creative power, the grandeur of which is manifested daily, 



1 ccxm". Ed. 1860, p. 490. 



