38 BALANCE OF 



of herbivorous or omnivorous animals, the fat is largely 

 produced from carbohydrates. In lean carnivorous animals 

 it is deposited when they are well fed even with flesh 

 without fat. Hence it must be concluded that in such 

 animals the formation of fat from proteids is a normal 

 process. 



The Balance of Income and Discharge. 



The relation between the income and expenditure of the 

 animal organism is best expressed in the form of balance 

 sheets, in which the quantities of proteid, fat and carbo- 

 hydrates of the food, are stated on one side, and CO 2 , urea, 

 and other excreta on the other, the value of each item 

 being computed according to the weight of C and N which 

 it contains. The income and discharge of H are left out 

 of account for the sake of simplicity. 



This mode of statement is applicable to all the condi- 

 tions of nutrition which have been above referred to, viz. 

 (i) that in which the quantity and quality of the food taken 

 is sufficient, and not more than sufficient, for the mainte- 

 nance of the weight of the body without loss or gain, and 

 in which the diet is said to be adequate ; (2) the condition 

 of inanition in which the body, in the absence of food, 

 nourishes itself at its own expense ; (3) the condition in 

 which, in the absence of other heat-producing material, 

 proteid is necessarily employed for heat production, in 

 larger quantity than can be advantageously disposed of 

 by the organism. 



These three cases are stated in the following Tables : 



