CONTENTS. xi 



CHAPTER XI. 

 MOTION AND LOCOMOTION. HYGIENE OF MUSCLES. 



PAGE 



Special physiology of the muscles. Levers in the Body. Postures. 

 Walking. Running. Hygiene of muscles. Exercise. Train- 

 ing 144 



CHAPTER XII. 

 ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. ** 



Nerve-trunks. Nerve-centres. Cerebro-spinal centre and its mem- 

 branes. Spinal cord. Spinal nerves. Brain. Cranial nerves. 

 Sympathetic system. Sporadic ganglia. Histelogy of nerve- 

 fibres. Histology of nerve-cells. Neuroglia. Histology of 

 spinal cord. Structure of a spinal ganglion 158 



CHAPTER XIII. 

 THE GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



The properties of the nervous system. Functions of nerve-centres 

 and nerve-trunks. Excitant and inhibitory nerves. Classifica- 

 tion of nerve-fibres. Electrical phenomena of nerves. Stimuli 

 of nerve-fibres. General nerve stimuli. Special nerve stimuli. 

 Specific nerve energies. Proof that all nerve-fibres are physio- 

 logically alike. The nature of a nervous impulse. Rate of trans- 

 mission of a nervous impulse. Functions of special nerve roots. 

 Cranial nerves. Intercommunication of nerve-centres. Degen- 

 eration of nerve-fibres when separated from their centre 186 



CHAPTER XIV. 



THE ANATOMY OF THE HEART AND BLOOD-VESSELS. 

 General statement. Position of heart. Membranes of heart. Anat- 

 omy of heart. Valves of heart. The arterial system. Aorta 

 and its branches. The capillaries. The veins. The pulmo- 

 nary circulation. The portal circulation. Arterial and venous 

 blood. Structure of the arteries, of the capillaries, and of the 

 veins 211 



CHAPTER XV. 



THE WORKING OF THE HEART AND BLOOD-VESSELS. 

 The beat of the heart. Cardiac impulse. Use of papillary muscles. 

 Sounds of the heart. A cardiac cycle. Work done by the heart. 

 The circulation in the blood-vessels. Conversion of intermit- 

 tent into a continuous flow 227 



CHAPTER XVI. 



ARTERIAL PRESSURE. THE JP&LSE. 



Weber's schema. Arterial pressure. The pulse. The rate of the 

 blood flow. Secondary causes of the circulation. Aspiration 

 of the thorax. Proofs of the circulation of the blood . . .240 



