THE SKELETON. 75 



The cranial bones are the following: 



1. The occipital bone (Fig. 29, 0), unpaired and having in 

 it the foramen magnum. It is made up by the fusion of the 

 basi-occipital with other flatter bones. 

 2. The frontal lone (Fig. 29, F), also 

 unpaired in the adult, but in the 

 child each half is a separate bone. 3. 

 A pair of thin platelike parietal bones 

 (Fig. 29, Pr] which meet one another 

 along the middle line in the top of the 

 skull, and roof-in a great part of the 

 cranial cavity. 4. A pair of temporal 

 bones (Fig. 29, T), one on each side of 

 the skull below the parietal. On 

 each temporal bone is a large aperture 

 leading into the ear-cavity, the essen- 



tial parts of the organs of hearing Fra . ^^ ^ of the 

 being contained in these bones. 5. skull. The lower jaw has been 



.,,, -. . -, , , 1,1 removed. At the lower part 



The Sphenoid OOne, made Up by the of the figure is the hard palate 



, T 7 7 . 7 , forming the roof of the mouth 



UniOll OI the OaSl- SplienQld and pre- and surrounded by the upper 



sphenoid (lying on the base of skull in ' 



front of the basi-occipital) with one 



another and with flatter bones, is seen 



partly (Fig. 29, 8) on the sides of the 



cranium in front of tho temporals. 6. at las, on its sides. 



The ethmoid, like the sphenoid, single in the adult, is really 



made up by the union of a single median basi-ethmoid with 



a pair of lateral bones. It closes the skull-cavity in front, 



and lies between it and the top of the nasal chambers, being 



perforated by many small holes through which the nerves of 



smell pass. A little bit of it is seen on the inner side of the 



eye-socket at E in Fig. 29. 



Facial Skeleton. The majority of the face-bones are in 

 pairs; two only being single and median. One of these is 

 the lower jaw-bone or inferior maxilla (Fig. 29, Mrl)', the 

 other is the vomer, which fcrms part of the partition between 

 the two nostrils. 



The paired face-bones are: 1. The maxilla, or upper jaw- 

 bones (Mx, Fig. 29), one on each side, carrying the upper 

 row of teeth and forming a great p^rt of tlie hard palate, 

 which separates the mouth from the nose. 2. The palatine 

 'bones, completing the skeleton of the hard palate, and behind 



