SECOND DIVISION. 



THE FLUIDS OF THE HUMAN BODY (HYGROLOGY 1 ). 



IN their histological relations, the fluids may be considered under 

 the four following chapters : 



I. The blood, including lymph and chyle. 



II. Serous secretions and transudations (effusions), and exudations. 



III. Mucous and glandular secretions. 



IV. The cutaneous secretions. 



There is, however, one histological element which is common to 

 no less than six of the fluids about to be considered, and this will 

 be described before entering upon the fluids individually. This 

 element is the "cytoid corpuscle" 2 (Henle), and which has been 

 variously termed the lymph-corpuscle, the chyle-corpuscle, the co- 

 lorless blood-corpuscle, the mucus, the pus, and the exudation-cor- 

 puscle, accordingly as it has been found in these six fluids respect- 

 ively. 



Cytoid corpuscles (Fig. 92) have a granular investing membrane 

 or cell- wall, and contain either a single round and occasionally oval 

 or reniform nucleus, or several nuclei heaped one 

 upon another. They are not perfectly spherical. Flg * 92> 

 Their diameter varies with the specific gravity of the > (j^ 

 fluid containing them, since they are highly endos- 

 motic. Hence- they are larger in saliva than in pus. 

 The addition of water to any fluid containing them, 



J . . ' Cytoid corpuscles 



causes them to enlarge, and their investing mem- O f biood. i. Natu- 

 brane to appear less folded and smoother. Their ral *w- 2 



and 3. Changed by 



diameter varies, therefore, even in the same fluid, dilute acetic acid. 



1 From 'yypo?, wet, fluid, and Xoyo?. The term Phlegmatology has also been used ; 

 but its derivation being founded on the obsolete notions of the ancients respecting 

 phlegm, it should be discarded. 



2 /. e. cell-resembling corpuscle, from xs/rcj, cell, and sfto?, resemblance. 



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