178 THE FLUIDS. 



5. In the acute exanthemata there is a diminution of the blood - 

 cells, and increase of the intercellular fluid. The serum is denser 

 than usual, and its salts more augmented than the organic substances. 



6. In puerperal fever there is considerable diminution of the co- 

 lored corpuscles ; the fibrine is increased, is soft and gelatinous, and 

 almost always forms a crust. In most cases the solid constituents 

 are considerably diminished, though sometimes increased. Bile- 

 pigment is occasionally, and free lactic acid not unfrequently, met 

 with ; the blood sometimes also having an acid reaction. 



7. BrighCs disease. The blood-cells and the constituents of the 

 serum are diminished. The specific gravity of the former is often 

 reduced to 1084.5. Cholesterine and the salts of the serum are, 

 however, increased. On an average, there is more fibrine than in 

 normal blood. 



8. In plethora the blood-cells are rather more numerous, and the 

 albumen is somewhat increased. In other respects the blood is 

 nearly or quite normal. 



9. Hydrcemic blood is very much attenuated, pale, watery, and 

 forms a loose, infiltrated, gelatinous clot. 



10. Ancemia. The character of the blood depends much on the 

 cause of the anemia. In respect to the diminution of the blood- 

 cells, it corresponds with the blood of hydra9mia and chlorosis. 



11. In chlorosis the blood forms a solid clot, covered with a buffy 

 coat, and floating in a large quantity of serum. The corpuscles and 

 iron are both diminished, in a small or an excessive degree, without 

 any relation to the intensity of the disease. The fibrine is nearly 

 normal ; the albumen is increased only relatively to the cells. 



12. In leucaemia the blood is pale red, often marked with whitish 

 streaks, is rich in colorless blood -corpuscles (even one of these to 

 three colored cells), and has an alkaline reaction, though the fluid 

 filtered from the clot is acid. It contains true glutin, a body which 

 ranks between glutin and albumen, hypoxanthine, and, finally, 

 formic, acetic, and lactic acids. 



13. In pycemia the fibrine is diminished, and the colorless blood- 

 cells augmented. This state is difficult to distinguish from leu- 

 caemia. 



14. In carcinoma there is an increase of fibrine. The blood-cells 

 are slightly diminished. 



15. In diabetes there is simply an increase of sugar in the blood. 



16. Etherization. The immediate effect of the inhalation of ether 

 seems to be to make the blood richer in water and fat, and poorer 

 in blood-corpuscles. 



Finally, in regard to variations in the amount of particular ele- 

 ments of the blood in different diseases, the following may be re- 

 garded as established : 



1. The fibrine is increased (hyperinosis) in all inflammations and 

 in carcinoma. An increase also occurs during the last months of 



