308 THE TISSUES. 



losis, also, the saponified fats are far more diminished in the blood 

 than in any other fluid. 1 (p. 78.) 



II. In case of hypertrophy of the adipose tissue, the cells are filled 

 to distension with fat ; and in extreme cases of its general hyper- 

 trophy as those mentioned on page 300 new cells are doubtless 

 formed in great numbers, together with an extension of the vessels, 

 and the matrix of areolar tissue ; in other words, there is a new 

 formation of this tissue. In those cases, also, the accumulation in- 

 terferes with the action of the muscles, and the general nutrition is 

 impeded. Occurring in infants at the breast, it produces an impo- 

 verishment of the blood, frequently causing death rapidly and un- 

 expectedly. (Engel.) 



The hypertrophied fat occurring in drunkards is soft, unctuous, 

 of a grayish-white color and mawkish smell; and it not unfre- 

 quently presents similar characters in persons who have been cured 

 of secondary syphilis. In cancerous deposits, especially in the skin 

 and subcutaneous areolar tissue, abundant deposits of firm, granular, 

 deep-yellow fat also obtain. (Engel.) 



III. The adipose tumor (Lipoma) is to be regarded as a new forma- 

 tion of the adipose tissue. So, also, are various forms of Steatoma. 

 If entirely removed in these cases, it is not reproduced. In the 

 Lipoma, some of the fat-cells may be of enormous size (even T |g of 

 an inch or more in diameter), mixed with others of the normal size. 

 As the new formations of fat-cells never take place without that of 



the areolar tissue, the density of a fatty 

 Fig. 194. ^ tumor depends upon the relative amount 



of 'the latter. (Fig. 194.) When the fat- 

 cells are gradually replaced by a fibrous 

 tissue, a lardaceous growth (Steatoma) is 

 produced. 



Fat-cells are also met with imbedded 

 in other tumors, as in polypus uteri, 

 throughout which they are sometimes 

 disseminated. The Lipoma arborescens 

 (J. Muller}, rather frequently occurring 



in the knee-joint, is to be regarded as a 



structure of a fatty tumor (Lipoma) new formation of fat-cells in addition to 

 removed from the back. a. isolated those normally existing in the adipose 



;2EfEf^ li r enti 5 calledi of th f* a j ticu j ation - 



Encysted tumors are also found con- 

 taining fat, but in the form of globules and granules, and not in 

 cells. These are, therefore, not modifications of adipose tissue. The 

 Cholesteatoma (J. MulUr) is the most common. Here the cyst or 

 sac is lined with a delicate epithelium, and filled with concentric 

 'laminas consisting of strata of cells resembling those of sheep's fat 



1 Becquerel and Rodier. 



