VESSELS AND NERVES OF THE KIDNEYS. 



547 



Flg> 378 * 



the " vessels are bare within the capsule." 1 Kolliker describes the 

 epithelium as existing everywhere between the Malpighian tuft 

 and its capsule, except where the affer- 

 ent and efferent arteries penetrate. The 

 ciliary motion, described by Bowman, at 

 the junction of the Malpighian bodies 

 and the tubuli contorti, exists in reptiles 

 and fishes; but not in man or other 

 mammalia. 



Vessels and Nerves of the Kidney. 

 The branches of the renal artery enter 

 the cortical substance interposed between 

 the pyramids (columns of Bertini), and 

 in the boundaries of the latter repeatedly 

 dividing, form a delicate ramification 

 without anastomoses around each pyra- 

 mid. From this on the side towards the 

 cortical substance, smaller arteries arise, 

 mostly at right angles, which, after seve- 

 ral divisions, give off the interlobular ar- 

 teries Q^ to T2Q- of an inch in diameter), 

 which run outwards in a straight course 



, . , n . , . the medullary cone. (Magnified 70 



between the cortical fasciculi, or pyra- diameters.) 

 mids of Ferrein. And, finally, the last 



give off on one, two, three, or four sides, a great number of the 

 arteria afferentia of the Malpighian bodies already described. In- 

 deed, except a few branches to the capsule of the kidney, all the 

 interlobular arteries terminate in the formation of the vascular 

 tufts. (Figs. 130 and 377.) 



The renal veins commence in two situations : ls, at the surface 

 of the kidney ; and, 2dly, at the apices of the papilla. In the first 

 situation, minute veins are formed from the outermost part of the 

 capillary plexus of the cortical substance, and surround each bundle 

 of Ferrein ; and, between the latter, unite in a stellate manner into 

 larger roots, or, extending over several bundles, connect into larger 

 trunks. These, however, all unite to form the interlobular veins 

 which accompany the arteries of that name, before described ; and 



Malpighian tuft from near the 

 base of one of the medullary cones. 

 a. Arterial branch ; a/, afferent ves- 

 sel, m. Malpighian tuft. ef. Effer- 

 ent vessel ; 5, its branches, entering 



1 The Physiological Anatomy and Physiology of Man. Part IV., sect. 2, p. 489. 



