AS THE BIOLOGIST SEES IT 



the fossil remains of numerous now 

 extinct anthropoid apes. These have 

 been found not only in Asia and Africa, 

 to which continents the few living anthro- 

 poids are now restricted, but also in 

 Europe which so far has been the source 

 of all but two of the most ancient human 

 relics. I speak of these fossils as repre- 

 senting numerous anthropoids; but nu- 

 merous is also a comparative term; I mean 

 by it, simply, considerably more kinds of 

 anthropoids than now exist; and some 

 of these seem to be of a higher specializa- 

 tion than any living anthropoids. But 

 the rocks of none of these ages have 

 revealed any fossils of indubitable human 

 creatures. The one case which may 

 possibly constitute an exception to this 

 statement is that of the famous Pithecan- 

 thropus, a creature of which a few bones, 

 to be specific, a skull cap, a femur and 

 two molar teeth, probably belonging to a 

 single individual, were found nearly thirty 

 years ago in Java by Dubois. These 

 relics were found in a situation which if 

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