AS THE BIOLOGIST SEES IT 



and only 46 known to be of normal 

 mentality and character. In five genera- 

 tions of Line B, 496 descendants were all, 

 with but one exception, which was a case 

 of religious mania, of normal mentality. 

 But two were alcoholics and none was 

 epileptic or criminal. Only 15 children 

 died in infancy. Practically all the mem- 

 bers of this line were good representative 

 citizens including judges, lawyers, doctors, 

 educators, business men, etc. 



The notorious Jukes, Kallikak, Nam, 

 Piney, and Zero families, the Tribe of 

 Ishmael, the Hill Folk, and the descen- 

 dants of Margaret, Mother of Criminals, 

 which have been studied by various 

 students of heredity, show conclusively 

 what bad heredity can do for individuals 

 and society. It is estimated that the 

 Jukes family alone, with its 300 profes- 

 sional paupers, 440 physical wrecks from 

 debauchery, 50 prostitutes, 60 habitual 

 thieves, 7 murderers, and 130 other 

 convicts out of a total of 1200 identi- 

 fied descendants, has cost the state of 

 87 



