OF THE INTESTINES. 115 



kiihnian, the smallest, said to be distributed in the proportion of 

 about eight to each villus. k The two former orders are so in- 

 constant, that I am inclined to consider the view given of them 

 in the plates alluded to, as morbid 1 ; for I have more than once 

 been unable to discover the slightest trace of fungous papillae 

 with a single pore, in the small intestines of healthy adults; 

 while, on the contrary, in apJithous subjects, I have found nearly 

 the whole intestinal tube beset with them in infinite numbers, 

 both solitary and aggregated. 1 " 



" As the gastric juice is poured into the stomach, so an enteric 

 or intestinal Jluid is poured into the small intestines, demon- 

 strated, among other ways, by the common experiment, first, we 

 believe, instituted by Pechlin n ," of including a portion of intes- 

 tine between two ligatures, so that the fluid secreted into it may 

 be collected. " An accurate investigation of it is a physiological 

 desideratum. We can say nothing respecting its quantity, but 

 Haller's estimate eight pounds in the twenty -four hours is 

 certainly excessive. 



" The intestines agree with the stomach in this particular, that 

 they have a similar, and, indeed, a more unquestionable, or, at 

 least, a more lively, peristaltic action , which occurs principally 

 when the chymous pulp enters them. This it agitates by an un- 

 dulatory constriction of different parts of the canal, and propels 

 from the duodenum towards the large intestines. Although the 

 existence of an antiperistaltic motion, causing a retrograde course 

 to their contents, cannot be disproved, it is in health much 

 weaker, and less common and important, than the former. 



" By these moving powers, and by these solvents which are 

 afforded by means of secretion, the chyme undergoes remark- 

 able changes." P 



k " Lieberkiihn, 1. c. p. 17. tab. iii." 

 1 " The eminent Rudolphi thinks differently, 1. c. p. 212." 

 m " These intestinal aphthae exactly resemble those tubercles which Sheldon, in 



a work which we shall presently quote, exhibits (Tab. 1.) as small ampulhe full 



of chyle." 



n " J)e purgantium medicamenlor.facultat. p. 509. tab. iv." 



" Benj. Schwartz, De vomitu et motu intestinorum. LB. 1745. 4to. 



J. Foelix, De motu peristallico intestinorum. Trevir. 1750. 4to." 



P " Consult the excellent observations and experiments of A. E. Ferd. Emmert, 



Archivfiir die Physiologic, t. viii. p. 145." 



I 4 



