ANIMAL HEAT. 



shall see Dr. Fordyce and his friends were exposed, the temper- 

 ature of the body rose two or three degrees, and Dr. Delaroche, 

 in a vapour-bath at near 120, found the heat under his tongue 

 increased about five degrees at the end of seventeen minutes. d 

 In sparrows and yellow-hammers, Dr. Edwards found it five or six 

 degrees higher in summer than in winter ; and Dr. Davy one or 

 two degrees higher in Ceylon than in England. e In disease it will 

 fall, and on the other hand rise; in fever it has been noted at 107, 

 in tetanus at 110 0f , and probably, on some occasions, it rises still 

 higher, at least locally. I have myself found it 107 under the 

 tongue, in even acute rheumatism, and seen inflamed parts show 

 this temperature, when the bulb of the thermometer was placed 

 upon them and covered up. When a function is going on vigor- 

 ously, the temperature of the individual part rises: as we observe 

 in the genitals during sexual excitement. Certain parts of 

 some animals are naturally of a lower temperature than the 

 rest, v. c. the dog's nose. Disease will have the same effect. 

 In affections of the stomach, its temperature will fall : so that the 

 patient will not only complain of its coldness, but discharge fluid 

 from it into the mouth that strikes cold immediately. In cancer of 

 the bladder, I once saw a man complain greatly of the constant 

 coldness of his glans penis. In old age it is not so high as in the 

 age of full vigour ; nor in remote parts as in those nearer the 

 heart, s John Hunter made observations on the heat of cold- 

 blooded animals. h The thermometer in the stomach and under 

 the skin of the abdomen of the frog and toad stood at 4-0, when 

 the atmosphere was 36 ; in the lungs of snails at 35, 36, 37, 

 38, when the atmosphere was 28, 30, 30, and 34- ; the heat 

 of earth-worms was 58|, when the atmosphere was 56. Fish 

 are not above two degrees warmer than the water. * Cold- 

 blooded animals placed in an elevated temperature are much more 

 influenced by surrounding media than the warm-blooded. Yet 

 frogs are but at 80 or 82 in a medium of 110 or 115. k The 

 heat of insects when congregated is considerable : J. Hunter 

 found the thermometer rise to 93 or 98 in a hive of bees in 



d Exp. sur les effets qitune forte ckaleur produit sur Feconomie. Paris, 1 805 



e Edwards, 1. c. p. 489. 



f Dr. Prevost. See Dr. Edwards, 1. c. p. 490. 



s Dr. Davy, Phil. Transact., 1814. h 1. c. 298. sqq. 



1 Edinburgh Journal of Science, vol. iv. 



k Dr. De la Roche, Journal de la Physique, t. Ixiii. 



