NERVES. 323 



between the chorda oblongata and the cerebellum. (Cut, p. 313. 

 No. 8, 9, 10.) Gall terms it the space placed before the funda- 

 mental part of the cerebellum, just as he terms the third ventricle 

 the space between the great inferior cerebral ganglions ; and the 

 lateral ventricles he styles the great cavities of the cerebrum. 

 Dr. Macartney has lately declared that the sides of the ence- 

 phalic cavities are so closely applied to each other that no cavity 

 really exists ; so that there is merely an extension of internal 

 surface. 11 



The encephalon communicates with the rest of the body by 

 the spinal chord and other chords termed nerves. These appear 

 proceeding from its base and from the spinal chord. If we in- 

 spect the base of the brain (see Cut, p. 304.), we observe, besides 

 the cerebrum and cerebellum with their lobes, the mesocephalon 

 and chorda oblongata, the corpora albicantia, pons Tarini, tuber 

 cinereum, infundibulum, and pituitary gland the four latter of 

 which are, like the parts in the ventricles, most absurdly named, 

 and the five latter of which are masses of pulpy substance eleven 

 pairs of nerves : the glosso-pharyngeal, for taste only ; the olfac- 

 tory, for smell only ; optic, for sight only ; acoustic, for hearing 

 only; three conveying volition to the muscles of the eye, the 

 common motors, trochleare or pathetic or internal motor, and ab- 

 ducent or external motor ; the lingual, conveying volition to the 

 muscles of the tongue ; the facial, conveying volition to some 

 muscles of the face ; the vagum, or, according to Chaussier, pneu- 

 mo-gastric, but correctly pneumono-gastric' 1 , a pair of sense 

 and motion, communicating between the lungs, larynx, trachea, 

 and stomach, &c-, and the brain ; and the trigeminum, which also 

 is double, and furnishes many nerves giving common sensibility to 

 the face and head at large, and conveys the will to the muscles 

 of the lower jaw. k 



h Report of the Thirt Meeting of the British Scientific Association, p. 453. 



1 Such words, compounded of two Greek or Latin nouns, are made with the 

 dative of the first, its last syllable being generally made to end in o. The geni- 

 tive of irvevfjLwv is irvetifAovos, and the dative irv^fjLovi. See my paper on the Medi- 

 cinal Properties of Creosote, in the 1 9th vol. of the Transactions of the Royal 

 Med. and Chir. Society, p. 1 1 . sqq. 



k In old language, the glosso-pharyngeal ; the first ; second ; portio mollis of 

 the seventh ; the third, fourth or pathetic, and sixth ; ninth ; portio dura of the 

 seventh ; the eighth, of which the glosso-pharyngeal was considered a part ; and 

 the fifth, or mixed pair, as Gall called it from being satisfied of its mixed functions. 



Z 3 



