THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 34,9 



ferent species of animals, but that many of them are even con- 

 tradictory ? " c 



For my own part, when I reflect upon the various talents and 

 dispositions of persons who are all placed in the same circum- 

 stances, how unsuccessfully some apply, with the utmost perse- 

 verance, to a branch of study, in which another, under the same 

 instructors, or, perhaps, scarcely assisted at all, or even with every 

 impediment thrown f in his way, reaches excellence with little 

 trouble, and, again, fails in one in which the first is, on the other 

 hand, successful, how early various tempers are developed among 

 children of the same nursery, how the best moral education is 

 often thrown away, while in the midst of the worst examples and 

 every incentive to vice a virtuous character is sometimes formed, 

 how hereditary are peculiarities of talent and of character, 

 how similar some persons are to each other in one point of 

 talent and character, and dissimilar in another, how positively 

 contradictory many points of the same character are found ; how 

 exactly the same is true of all species of brutes d , and of alJ in- 

 dividuals among them, as far as their faculties are the same as 

 ours, each species having its peculiar nature, and each indi- 

 vidual its peculiar character: I confess myself unable to deny 

 that there is one innate faculty for numbers, another for colours, 

 a third for music, &c., &c., with a variety of distinct innate pro- 

 pensities; and that memory, judgment, &c., are but modes of 

 action common to the different faculties. 



The faculties of whose existence Gall satisfied himself are : 

 1. The instinct of generation; 2. The love of offspring ; 3. The 

 disposition to friendship ; 4. Courage ; 5. The instinct to destroy 

 life ; 6. Cunning ; 7. The sentiment of property ; 8. Pride ; 9. Va- 

 nity ; 10. Circumspection ; 11. Sense of things, by which we take 

 cognisance of individual objects and occurrences ; 12. Sense of 

 locality, or of the relations of space : 13. Sense of persons; 

 14-. Sense of words ; 15. Sense of language, or philological talent ; 

 16. Sense of the relations of colours; 17. Sense of the relations 

 of tones; 18. Sense of the relations of numbers ; 19. Sense of 

 construction ; 20. Comparative sagacity, by whfch we compare ; 



c Gall, 1. c. 4to. vol. iv. p. 332. sqq., 8vo. t. vi p. 352. sqq. 



d See the poet Cowper's amusing account of the different characters of his 

 three hares. But all persons conversant with horses, dogs, cats, or any other 

 domestic brute, know that every individual among them is proportionally as dif- 

 ferent in its various abilities and dispositions, from others of its species, as every 

 human being is from other men. 



