376 MENTAL FUNCTIONS OF 



blank, which others have filled with faculties corresponding with 

 those around. The organs are represented, in the engraved heads 

 which he published, as so many prominences ; because each is just 

 as it showed itself to him in single instances where it was extra- 

 ordinarily developed. This habit of representation for distinctness 

 and fidelity of form and size, and that of speaking of individual 

 parts as prominent, gave origin to the vulgar notion of bumps, and 

 those ignorant views which still disgust us in persons who should 

 know better. Often one organ became known to him situated 

 very remotely from the organ last discovered. The set of organs 

 discovered by him turned out as it is, and a strong argument is 

 thus afforded of the truth of his system, He viewed a thousand 

 times what he had remarked, before he was aware of the great 

 general truths just mentioned. 



" All must be struck," says he, " with the profound wisdom 

 which shines forth in the arrangement and successive order of 

 the organs. This connection is, in my eyes, one of the most 

 important proofs of the truth of my discoveries. I defy those who 

 attribute my determination of the fundamental faculties and of 

 the seat of their organs to caprice or arbitrary choice, to possess 

 a tenth part of the talent necessary for the most obscure presenti- 

 ment of this beautiful arrangement ; once discovered, it displays 

 the hand of God, whom we cannot cease to adore with wonder 

 increasing as his works become more disclosed to our eyes." f 



f 1. c. 8vo. t. iii. p. 210. sq. See also 4to. vol. iii. p. 80. Mr. Combe 

 (1. c. p. 536.) presents these beautiful remarks as Mr. Scott's, with no other 

 mention of Gall than that the system must thus be the work of nature, and not 

 "of Drs. Gall and Spurzheim." Dr. S. divided all the faculties, after the 

 ancients, into effective and intellectual ; and the former again into propensities 

 and sentiments ; the latter into perceptive and reflective. (I.e. p. 131.) For 

 this he has been said to have " infused philosophy and system into the facts 

 brought to light by observation," (Ed. Phr. Journ. vol. v.) to possess a 

 power of arrangement which throws light upon every subject." (Star of Bruns- 

 wick, quoted in his Biography, published at Boston, p. 99.) Gall, again, 

 was declared to have no such powers of systematising. What is the truth? 

 Gall disliked artificial systematic division and subdivision, and that justly. His 

 very order of examining is as great a classification as nature will admit. His 

 order was, " as much as possible, that which the Author of nature observes in the 

 gradual perfectionnement of animals." (1. c. 4to. t. iii. p. vi.) Beyond the order 

 which he followed in his writings, nothing could be done ; and, as Mr. G. 

 Combe truly says (Preliminary Dissertation to the Phr. Journal, p. 25.), "as soon 

 as observation had brought to light the great body of facts, and the functions of 



