384 MENTAL FUNCTIONS OF 



Richerand, Carus, Rudolphi, Serres, &c., and would be amply re- 

 paid for the trouble of reading their exposure by Gall in various 

 parts of his works, especially in his sixth octavo volume. Who- 

 ever knew him must have admired his profundity and candour, 

 and the extent and variety of his knowledge, and been delighted 

 with his perfect integrity and true philosophy of character, and 

 the gentleness and elegance of his manners. m 



m Nothing could demonstrate more the unsuspecting and kind nature of Gall 

 than his affixing the name of Dr. Spurzheim with his own to his great work. 

 He was the discoverer, and first published on his discoveries in 1798. He first lec- 

 tured in 1796, when 40 years of age ; Dr. S. being but 20 and a student. He con- 

 tinued to lecture on his discoveries till 1802, when the absurdity of Austria forbade 

 all lectures in Vienna without permission. Gall knew the measure was levelled 

 at himself; and, scorning to ask permission, left Vienna. Dr. S., who was 

 tutor in the family of a nobleman attended by Gall, after having finished his 

 medical studies, had become one of Gall's pupils, and was the only one among 

 them all who was willing to leave Vienna with him. Gall saw his good intel- 

 lectual development and his firmness, and engaged him as his secretary, dis- 

 sector, &c. Though we all know how beautifully Dr. S. dissected the brain, 

 Gall assured me that he was very long in teaching Dr. S. to dissect it ; and 

 that Dr. S.'s clumsiness cost him no little in broken casts, models, &c. Dr. S. 

 thus worked hard at phrenology : but he worked under Gall's direction, and 

 Gall smiled at the idea that two persons, the one twenty years older than 

 the other, and the entire discoverer of a subject on which he had laboured for 

 thirty years, and paying the other for his labour, could work at the same points, 

 unless the one were directed by the other, not at different branches of the 

 same subject; and especially he smiled at Dr. S.'s having made discoveries, 

 except as far as he found things which he was directed by Gall to ascertain. The 

 whole work was Gall's. Every line, he informed me, was his sole composition. 

 The very style shows this. The work is clear, flowing, full, at once rigidly phi- 

 losophical and rich with profound thoughts and glowing illustrations. I never 

 take it up without finding something fresh, and feeling that I am with one of that 

 band of mighty minds to which Bacon, Milton, Shakspeare, &c. belonged. It speaks 

 for itself and is totally different from Dr. S.'s ; and yet in the preface, p. xlii, he 

 was so good to Dr. S. as to mention the very composition and diction in the plural 

 number, though self-evidently referrible in oil cases to no more than one person. 

 He conceived that all Europe knew him as the author of the discoveries ; and he 

 wished to be of service to Dr. S., who had shown good abilities and been in- 

 dustrious ; and who, being twenty years younger, would, he hoped, prosecute and 

 spread the science after his death. They were coming shortly to England 

 together, when, one day, Dr. S. said he himself was going alone to England ; 

 and he actually left Gall in a week, it turning out that he had been learning 

 English with this view in Gall's house, without Gall's knowledge, for six months. 

 Gall, therefore, affixed Dr. S.'s name no longer with his own in the title-- 

 page : but the work went on, as when Dr. S. was with Gall. The second. 



