THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 413 



social impulses and neglected to pay proper attention to the 

 organisation. But the phrenologist, and not phrenology, was in 

 fault. 



We learn how a person may Jose his memory of names, and 

 of nothing else ; and how any one or a certain number of the 

 intellectual faculties or moral feelings may be over-excited, di- 

 minished, or otherwise damaged : just as one part supplied by one 

 nerve or set of nerves may be palsied, convulsed, or pained ; and 



Louis XI., Charles V., Philip II., James II., Catherine de' Medicis, who were 

 superstitiously devout, and at the same time the scourge of their subjects. These 

 are the persons who most acutely feel the struggle of the two beings within 

 them. It is Socrates, St. Paul, St. Augustin, who, having the severest battles to 

 fight, may pretend to the most glorious victory of virtue. 



" "When one or some qualities or faculties, whether animal or human, are 

 endowed with an extraordinary energy, while the others are only moderate, the 

 result is great geniuses, great talents in a limited career, or certain inclinations, 

 whether bad or good, predominant over the others. These talents and inclin- 

 ations constitute the character of the individual, who will have the more difficulty 

 to withstand their impulses in proportion as the other moral and intellectual 

 powers are less active. You have the mere musician, mechanician, and impas- 

 sioned poet ; but you have also the libidinous, the quarrelsome, the thievish, who 

 even, in certain cases, are so impassioned that the excessive activity of such inclin- 

 ations degenerates into real madness, and deprives the individual of the power of 

 controlling them. 



" You see on the contrary, partial apathies, imbecilities, when, by the side of 

 other qualities and faculties sufficiently developed, one or more organs are but 

 little developed. With such an organisation, Lessing and Tichsbein detest music, 

 Newton and Kant dislike women. 



" Lastly, in the sixth class, is found the crowd of ordinary men. But, as the 

 organs common to animals occupy the greatest part of the brain, these men re- 

 main limited to the sphere of the animal qualities ; their pleasures are those of 

 sense, and they produce nothing remarkable in any respect. 



" These six divisions are mixed in a thousand modifications, as happens with all 

 the great divisions of nature. We rarely find the organisation happy enough to 

 bestow upon the faculties of a superior order an absolute power of impressing 

 a favourable direction upon the inferior. We may, therefore, admit it as a truth 

 established by the laws of organisation, that, among men, a very small number 

 find in themselves alone sufficient force or motive to be a law unto themselves, 

 always to resolve upon acts conformable to the dignity of the most noble inclin- 

 ations, sentiments, faculties of men." (8vo. t. i. p. 320. sqq. See also 4to. vol. 

 ii. p. 133. sqq.) 



Gall required Dr. Spurzheim to infuse order, system, and philosophy into his 

 discoveries and views ! 



He belonged to the small and noble class. God grant that increased cul- 

 tivation of man's higher cerebral faculties may enlarge it ! 



