TASTE. 533 



a lunated series at the root of the tongue ; the others, of various 

 magnitudes, lie promiscuously upon the back of the tongue, and 

 chiefly upon its edges and apex. k The tongue is furnished with 

 nerves by the lingual branch of the fifth pair 1 ," by the hypoglossal, 

 and the glosso-pharyngeal. The first gives common sensibility; 

 the second, motion ; the latter, the sense of taste : as is shown by 

 Dr. Panizza. m 



The glosso-pharyngeal or gustatory nerve commences by two, 

 three, or more filaments, from the chorda oblongata, at a part 

 of Sir C. Bell's respiratory tract, unluckily, and emerges between 

 the corpora olivaria and restiformia. n It has no communication 

 with the other nerves of the tongue : and gives off no muscular 

 filaments. It is distributed to the mucous membrane of the 

 tongue, epiglottis, tonsils, and upper part of the pharynx. It com- 

 municates both with the vidian or recurrent pterygoid nerve of 

 the spheno-palatine ganglion, or at least a branch of it runs some 

 way with a branch of this, and with a branch of the facial, or 

 at least runs also with this ; for I cannot conceive nerves of sen- 

 sation and motion really to mingle in their course and form a 

 third nerve, however they may mingle in ganglia or the en- 

 cephalo-spinal mass or in plexuses, in order that the nerve of 

 sensation may influence the nerve of motion, which must still run 

 on, I imagine, afterwards distinct, as before : it communicates 

 with the pneumono-gastric, superior cervical ganglion, and with 

 the pharyngeal plexus, in all probability for influencing these 

 parts : and we know how great is the sympathy of the organs 

 of taste with the pharynx and stomach, &c. 



Blumenbach correctly states that "the ninth pair ," lt which also 

 supplies the tongue P, appears intended rather for the various move- 



k " Consult Haller's excellent description of the tongue of a living man, in 

 the Dictionn. Encyclopedique. Yverdon, vol. xxii. p. 23." 



1 " J. Fr. Meckel, De Quinto Pare Nervorum Cerebri. Getting. 1748. 4to. 

 p. 97. fig. 8. n. 80." 



m Ricerche sperimentali sopra i nervi. Lettera del Professore JBartolomeo Panizza 

 al Professore Maurizio Bufalini. Pavia, 1 834. 



* Gall, 1. c. 4 to. vol. i. p. 102. 



" J. F. W. Bohmer, De Nono Pare Nervorum Cerebri. Getting. 1777. 

 4to." 



p " See Haller, Icon. Anatom. fasc. ii. tab. 1 . letter g. 



Monro, On the Nervous System. Tab. xxvi." 



N N 4 



