CLASSIFICATION OF PHYSIOLOGIC INGREDIENTS. 



77 



more than one-eighth of the body is made up of carbon, and this 

 amount can be obtained from it. But this carbon does not exist 

 under its own form that is, free or uncombined but it is all in 

 a state of combination, as carbonates or in carbohydrates or other 

 forms of combination, and when we obtain the carbon as an ele- 

 ment these combinations are broken up and the carbon is set free. 

 Water is a physiologic ingredient, because it exists in the body 

 under its own form, and can be obtained therefrom without the 

 use of such violent means as are necessary to destroy chemical 

 combinations. 



It is exceedingly important to have a clear conception of what 

 are and what are not physiologic ingredients : all that can be 

 learned of them and their properties will be of assistance ; but a 

 knowledge of the properties of their chemical elements will be of no 

 special aid in our physiologic studies, for the properties of a com- 

 pound are not the sum of the properties of its component parts. 

 One might be thoroughly conversant with the properties of oxygen 

 and hydrogen, and yet have no possible conception of the proper- 

 ties of water, which their combination forms. 



Classification of Physiologic Ingredients. The physio- 

 logic ingredients of the human body may be -classified as fol- 

 lows : Inorganic ; Carbohydrates ; Fats ; Proteids ; Albuminoids ; 

 Enzymes. Other ingredients will be discussed in connection with 

 the solids or liquids in which they occur. 



Water. 



INORGANIC INGREDIENTS. 



Salts 



Sodium 



Potassium . . 



Calcium . . 



Magnesium . 



Ammonium . 



Chlorid. 



Phosphate. 



Biphosphate. 



Sulphate. 



Carbonate. 



Bicarbonate. 



C Chlorid. 

 j Phosphate. 

 } Sulphate. 

 (^ Carbonate. 



T Phosphate. 

 < Carbonate. 

 ( Fluorid. 



f Phosphate. 

 ( Carbonate. 



Chlorid. 



