46 MAGNOLIA FAMILY. 



II. Stipules none. Flowers not very large, perfect or dioe- 

 cious. Two Southern plants which have been made the repre- 

 sentatives of as many small orders. 



4. ILLICIUM. Flowers perfect. Petals 9-80. Stamens many, separate. Pistils several 



in one row, forming a ring of almost woody little pods. 



5. SCHIZANDRA. Flowers monoecious. Petals mostly 6. Stamens 5, united into a 



disk or button-shaped body, which bears 10 anthers on the edges of the 5 lobes. 

 Pistils many in a head, which lengthens into a spike of scattered red berries. 



1. LIRIODENDRON, TULIP TREE (which is the meaning of the 

 name in Greek). 



L. Tulipifera, Linn. A tall, very handsome tree in rich soil, com- 

 monest W., where it, and the light and soft lumber (much used in cabi- 

 net-work), is called WHITE-WOOD, and erroneously POPLAR and WHITE 

 POPLAR ; planted for ornament ; flowers late in spring, yellow with green- 

 ish and orange. Leaves with 2 short side-lobes, and the end as if cut off. 



2. MAGNOLIA. (Named for Magnol, professor of botany at Mont- 

 pellier in 17th century.) Some species are called UMBRELLA TREES 

 from the way the leaves are placed on the end of the shoots ; others, 

 CUCUMBER TREES from the appearance of the young fruit. (Lessons, 

 Figs. 179, 348-355.) 



* Native trees of this country, often planted for ornament; flowers appear- 

 ing after the leaves. 



- Leaves all scattered along the branches ; leaf-buds silky. 

 M- Leaves coriaceous, evergreen (in the second only so at S.~). 



M. grandifl6ra. Linn. GREAT-FLOWERED MAGNOLIA of S., half-hardy 

 in the Middle States. The only perfectly evergreen species ; splendid 

 large tree with coriaceous oblong or obovate leaves, shining above, mostly 

 rusty beneath ; the flowers very fragrant, white, 6'-9' broad, in spring. 



M. glauca. Linn. SMALL or LAUREL M., SWEET BAY. Wild in swamps 

 N. to New Jersey, Penn., and E. Mass. ; a shrub or small tree, with oval, 

 broadly lanceolate, obtuse leaves, glaucous beneath, and globular, white, 

 and very fragrant flowers (2'-3' wide) in summer. 



Leaves thin, deciduous. 

 = Green beneath. 



M. acuminata. Linn. CUCUMBER TREE. Wild from Western N. Y. 

 to 111. and S. ; a stately tree, with the leaves thin, green, oblong, acute 

 at both ends, and somewhat downy beneath, and oblong-bell-shaped pale 

 yellowish-green flowers (2' broad), late in spring. 



= = Whitish, downy, or glaucous beneath. 



M. cordata, Michx. YELLOW CUCUMBER M. of Georgia, hardy even 

 in New England ; like the last, but a small tree with the leaves ovate or 

 oval, seldom cordate ; flowers lemon-yellow. 



M. macrophylla, Michx. GREAT-LEAVED M. of the S., nearly hardy 

 N. to Mass. A small tree, with leaves very large (2-3 long), obovate- 

 oblong with a cordate base, downy and white beneath, and an immense 

 open, bell-shaped flower (8'-12' wide when outspread), somewhat fra- 

 grant in early summer ; petals ovate, white, with a purple spot at the 



