106 VINE FAMILY. 



4. CEANOTHTTS. (An ancient name of unknown meaning.) 



C. Americanus, Linn. NEW JERSEY TEA or REDROOT. l-2 high, 

 from a dark red root ; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, finely serrate, downy 

 beneath, 3-ribbed and veiny, deciduous (once used as a substitute for 

 tea) ; flowers crowded in a dense, slender-peduncled cluster, in summer. 

 Wild in dry grounds. 



C. ovatus, Desf. Lower than the preceding and nearly smooth ; 

 leaves smaller, narrow-oval, or lance-oblong ; flowers on a short peduncle 

 in spring. Wild on rocks N., from Vermont to Minn., rare E. 



C. microphyllus, Michx. SMALL-LEAVED C. Low and spreading, 

 much branched ; leaves evergreen, very small, obovate, 3 ribbed ; flower- 

 clusters small and simple in spring. Dry barrens S. 



XXXTT. VITACEJJ, VINE FAMILY. 



Woody plants, climbing by tendrils, with watery and often 

 acid juice, alternate leaves, deciduous stipules, and small 

 greenish flowers in a cyme or thyrsus ; with a minutely 4-5- 

 toothed or almost obsolete calyx; petals valvate in the bud 

 and very deciduous ; the stamens as many as the petals and 

 opposite them ; a 2-celled ovary with a pair of ovules rising 

 from the base of each cell, becoming a berry containing 1-4 

 bony seeds. Tendrils and flower-clusters opposite the leaves. 



* Climbing by naked-tipped tendrils ; ovary surrounded by a nectar-secreting disk. 



1. VITIS. Petals and stamens 5, the former lightly cohering at the top and thrown off 

 without expanding ; the base of the very short and truncate calyx filled with the disk, 

 which rises into 5 thick lobes or glands between the stamens ; leaves simple, rounded, 

 and heart-shaped, usually 3-5-lobed. Fruit a pulpy berry. 



8. CI88US. Flowers in an ovate panicle. Petals and stamens 4 or 5, the former opening 



regularly ; disk thick and broad, 4-5-lobed ; flowers mostly perfect ; berries not larger 

 than peas, not edible. Tendrils in ours among the flowers, which are panicled or cymose. 

 Climbing by the adhesion of the dilated tips of tendrils (Lessons, p. 41, Figs. 93, 

 94) ; disk 0. 



9. AMPELOP8I8. Corolla expanding. Petals thick. Flowers cymose. 



1. VITIS, GRAPEVINE. (Classical Latin name.) Flowers in late 

 spring, g l Bark lQose ^ shreddy . tendrils forked ; nodes solid. 

 * A tendril (or inflorescence) opposite every leaf. 



V. Labnisca. Linn. NORTHERN Fox GRAPE, etc., furnishing most of the 

 American table and wine grapes ; leaves and young shoots very cottony, 

 even the adult leaves retaining the cottony wool underneath, the lobes 

 separated by roundish sinuses ; fruit large, with a tough musky pulp when 

 wild, dark purple, or amber-color in compact clusters. Common in moist 

 grounds N. and E. The original of the CONCORD, HARTFORD, and many 

 others. 



* * Tendrils intermittent (none opposite each third leaf). 



-H- Leaves pubescent andfloccose, especially beneath when young. 



V. aestivalis. Michx. SUMMER GRAPE. Branches terete ; leaves 

 green above, and with loose, cobwebby, rusty down underneath, the lobes 



