ROSE FAMILY. 153 



F. moschata, Duchesne (or F. ELATIOR), HATTTBOIS S., of Eu. some- 

 times cult, is taller and quite dioecious, more pubescent, with the 

 calyx strongly reflexed away from the fruit, which is dull, reddish, and 

 musky-scented. 



F. Virginiana, Duchesne. WILD S. Original of several varieties once 

 cult, but now lost ; has leaflets of firm texture, their smooth and often 

 shining upper surface with sunken veins, flowers usually below the leaves, 

 calyx becoming erect after flowering and closing over the hairy receptacle 

 when unfructified ; fruit with a narrow neck, mostly globular, its surface 

 with deep pits in which the akeues are sunken, nodding on slender pedicels. 



Var. Illinoe'nsis, Gray. Is coarser and larger, grows in richer soil, 

 from W. X. Y., W. and S. ; the hairs of the scape, etc., shaggy. 



F. Chi/oensis, Duchesne. GARDEN STRAWBERRY. From Chile, but also 

 native all along the Pacific coast, has a low habit and thick, dark colored 

 leaves which are bluish- white below, and is clothed with long, shaggy hairs ; 

 scapes and runners strong ; fruit large and usually dark colored, with a very 

 large "hull" or calyx. The var. ANANASSA, or PINE STRAWBERRY, is a 

 horticulturally modified form, comprising the common garden strawberries. 



2. Petals yellow; receptacle tasteless; runners bearing leaves and 1- 

 flowered peduncles; calyx -with 5 external pieces very large, leaf-like, 

 and 3-lobed. 



F. Indlca, Andr. INDIAN S. Of Upper India, etc. ; cult., running wild 

 S. E. ; rather handsome both in flower and (red) fruit, which are produced 

 all summer and autumn. 



12. DALIBARDA. ( Thomas Dalibard, an early botanist of Paris.) 11 



D. r&pens, Linn., of wooded slopes N., is a low, stemless, tufted, 

 downy little plant, spreading more or less by subterranean runners, with 

 the aspect of a Violet, the scapes bearing 1 or 2 delicate white flowers, 

 in summer; leaves roundish and cordate, crenate. It sometimes pro- 

 duces cleistogamous flowers. 



13. RUBUS, BRAMBLE, etc. (The Roman name, connected with 

 ruber, red.) 2Z A large and difficult group, comprising the Rasp- 

 berries and Blackberries. 



1. FLOWERING RASPBERRIES, with simple leaves and broad, flattish fruit, 

 the very small and numerous reddish or amber-colored grains at length 

 separating from the persistent receptacle. 



R. odoratus, Linn. PURPLE F., MULBERRY (erroneously). Dells, 

 etc., N. ; shrubby, 3-5 high, clammy-bristly and odorous, not prickly ; 

 ample 3-5-lobed maple-like leaves, the lobes pointed and the middle 

 one longest ; peduncles many-flowered ; calyx-lobes with long slender tips, 

 and petals purple-rose-color ; the showy flowers l'-2' across, produced all 

 summer. Cultivated. 



R. Nutkanus, Moino. WHITE F. From Upper Mich, to Pacific. 

 Like the other, but less bristly and clammy, with leaves more equally 5- 

 lobed and coarsely toothed, and fewer flowers, with narrower white petals. 

 Cultivated. 



2. TRUE RASPBERRIES (or the first doubtful"), with 3-5 leaflets, the fruit 

 falling when ripe from the then dry, narrow receptacle ; flowers with small, 

 white, erect petals, in early summer, on leafy shoots of the season which 

 (in all but the first") spring from prickly more or less woody stems of the 

 preceding year. # Trailing . nearly herbaceous. 



R. trifldrus, Rich. DWARF RASPBERRY. Almost wholly herbaceous, 

 slender, trailing, not prickly, with thin, smooth leaves of 3 rhombic-ovate 



