160 ROSE FAMILY. 



the coral or scarlet fruit much smaller than in C. tomentosa next and 

 hardly edible. 



Var. macracantha, Dudley. Has very long thorns, thick wedge- 

 shaped leaves deeply incised, and larger flowers and fruit. 



Var. mollis, Torr. & Gray, larger plant, with densely pubescent under- 

 surfaces of leaves and shoots, and earlier, larger flowers. All forms hi N. 

 States. 



C. toment6sa, Linn. PEAR THORN or BLACKTHORN. Downy or soft- 

 hairy when young; the leaves thickish, oval, or ovate-oblong, sharply 

 toothed or cut, below abruptly narrowed into a margined petiole, the upper 

 surface impressed along the main veins or ribs ; flowers late, often 1' broad ; 

 scarlet or orange fruit from two thirds to three fourths of an inch long, 

 pleasant-tasted. N. Y. , W. and S. 



C. punctata, Jacq. Leaves wedge-obovate, the long lower portion 

 entire, toothed above and rarely indistinctly lobed, plicate and dull, pubes- 

 cent below when young, but becoming smooth ; fruit large and spherical, 

 red or yellow ; branches horizontal in mature specimens. Common. 



C. Crus-galli, Linn. COCKSPUR T. Smooth ; the wedge-obovate or 

 oblanceolate leaves thick and firm, deep-green and glossy, serrate above 

 the middle, tapering into a very short petiole ; thorns very long and 

 sharp ; fruit bright red. Useful for hedges. (Lessons, Fig. 96.) 



4. Flowers solitary, in pairs, or only 3-6 in the corymb ; styles and 

 cells, 4-5 ; leaves mostly pubescent underneath ; fruit often edible. 



C. aestivalis, Torr. & Gray. SUMMER HAW of S. States. Along pine- 

 barren ponds, from S. Car. S. and W. ; small tree with spatulate or 

 wedge-obovate coriaceous leaves, crenate above the middle ; no glands ; 

 3-5-flowered peduncles, and large red juicy fruit, pleasantly acid, used 

 for tarts, etc. ; ripe in summer. 



C. flava, Ait. YELLOW or SUMMER HAW. Sandy soil, from Va. S. and 

 W. ; small tree, with wedge-obovate leaves, downy or smoothish, toothed 

 or cut above the middle, the teeth or margins and short petiole glandular ; 

 the pear-shaped or globular fruit yellowish, greenish, or tinged with red. 



C. parvif61ia, Ait. SMALL-LEAVED or DWARF THORN. Mostly in 

 pine barrens from N. J., S. ; shrub 3-6 high, downy, with thick and 

 firm spatulate-obovate, crenate leaves, these as well as the mostly solitary 

 flowers almost sessile ; calyx-lobes glandular-toothed and as long as the 

 petals; the large fruit pear-shaped or globular, at first hairy, greenish 

 and yellowish. 



19. COTONEASTER. (Name alludes to the cottony covering of the 

 shoots, lower face of the leaves, etc.) Small-leaved and small-flowered, 

 chiefly Old- World shrubs. 



C. vulgaris, Lindl. Planted from Eu. ; hardy shrub, 2-4 high, much 

 branched, with deciduous ovate leaves, hardly 1' long, white-tomentose 

 below, glabrous calyx, flesh-colored or white flowers in spring, and 

 reddish fruit. 



C. nummularia, Lindl. From Nepal, is a large shrub or low tree, with 

 nearly orbicular leaves, which are dull below, and bright red fruits. 



20. PHOTINIA. (Greek : shining, alluding to the glossy leaves of the 

 genuine species.) Choice greenhouse shrubs or small fruit trees, hardy 

 S. , with large evergreen leaves. 



P. (or Eriobbtrya) Japdnica, Gray. The LOQUAT TREE of Japan, with 

 large, obovate toothed leaves, nearly 1 long, the lower surface and 

 corymb clothed with dense rather rusty loose wool ; has few and large 

 downy yellowish-white flowers, appearing in autumn, and an edible yellow, 

 acid fruit, with 1-5 large seeds. Often called, erroneously, JAPAN PLDM. 



