ROSE FAMILY. 161 



21. AMELANCHIER, JUNEBERRY, SERVICE BERRY. (Pop- 

 ular name of the European species in Savoy.) Flowering in spring, 

 and producing the berry-like purplish fruit (edible, sweet, sometimes 

 very pleasant-flavored) in summer. 



A. Canad^nsis, Torr. & Gray. SHAD BUSH of New England, is a tree 

 10-30 high, glabrous or very nearly so ; the leaves ovate and pointed, 

 light green above, very sharply serrate, Birch-like ; flowers large, in open 

 and loose, more or less drooping racemes, before the leaves ; the calyx 

 lobes lanceolate ; fruit a purple, berry-like pome in June and July, much 

 relished by birds. The flowers appear in profusion in advance of the 

 leaves. 



Var. oblongif61ia, Torr. & Gray (or A. OBLONG IF6LI A, Roemer). Is a 

 low plant C2-o high), with oblong, mostly blunt leaves, which are 

 floccose or woolly below, and nearly erect, woolly, panicle-like racemes, 

 appearing with the leaves ; growing in the N. States and known in culti- 

 vation as the DWARF JONEBERRT. 



22. PYRT7S, PEAR, APPLE, etc. (Classical name of the Pear tree.) 

 Botanically the genus is made to include a great variety of plants, 

 agreeing in the cartilaginous, parchment-like, or thin-walled cells that 

 contain the seeds. Wood hard and tough. Flowers spring. 



1. PEAR. Leaves simple; flowers in a simple corymb or cluster; fruit 

 generally with its base tapering down to the stalk. 



P. communis, Linn. COMMON PEAR. Cult, from Eu. ; a smooth tree, 

 with branches inclined to be thorny ; ovate leaves with small, obtuse teeth, 

 and pure white flowers, the anthers purple. 



P. Sinensis, Lindl. JAPAN or SAND PEAR. Cult, from China and 

 Japan, is a stronger grower than the last, with larger dark leaves which 

 are very sharply toothed, and tough, gritty fruits which are often 

 depressed about the stem, 4 and Apple-like. KIEFFEK, LE CONTE, and 

 others, are hybrids with the last. 



2. APPLE. Leaves simple ; flowers showy, in a simple cluster or sim- 

 ple umbel; fruit sunken (umbilicate) at both ends, especially at the 

 base. , 



* Exotic ; leaves simply and evenly serrate, ovate or oblong. 



P. Malus, Linn. COMMON APPLE. Cult, from Eu. ; tree with buds, 

 lower face of the leaves (when young) and calyx woolly ; flowers white 

 and tinged with pink, on short, woolly peduncles ; fruit various, but always 

 holding the calyx lobes upon its apex. 



P. spect&bilis, Ait. CHINESE FLOWERING APPLE. Cult, from China 

 for its showy rose-colored, semi-double or double flowers ; is an upright 

 tree with gray branches 20 to 25 high, and hard leaves which soon 

 become nearly smooth, and are evenly and sharply toothed ; fruit small, 

 with persistent calyx. 



P. baccdta, Linn. CRAB APPLE. From Eu. Small tree with hard, 

 wiry, smooth shoots, long and smooth petioles and pedicels, narrower 

 smooth leaves, and a small, hard, translucent fruit from which the calyx 

 falls before maturity. TRANSCENDENT, HYSLOP, and various other im- 

 proved Crabs are probably hybrids with P. Malus. 



P. floribunda, Lindl. JAPANESE FLOWERING CRAB. A bush or small 

 tree, perhaps an offshoot from the last ; smooth in all its parts, with long- 

 acuminate, mostty sharply toothed leaves ; handsome, flesh-colored or 

 rosy flowers and red flower buds, and a profusion of long-stemmed fruits 

 the size of a pea, from which the calyx falls. Semi-double forms are 

 known in gardens as P. HALLI\NA and P. PARKMANI. 

 GRAY'S F. F. & G. BOX. 11 



