232 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



9. GRINDELIA. (JET. Grindel, a Russian botanist.) (p. 226.) 



G. squarr6sa, Dunal. Branching leafy herb, a foot or two high, on 

 prairies from 111., W. ; also cult. Leaves spatulate-oblong, or narrower ; 

 involucre with strongly spreading or squarrose bracts with short-filiform 

 tips ; pappus of 2 or 3 awns. Usually 2A There is a ray less form. 



10. CHRYSOPSIS, GOLDEN ASTER. (Greek: golden appear- 

 ance, from the yellow flowers.) Low herbs, wild chiefly S. and W., in 

 dry and barren or sandy soil ; flowers summer and autumn. 2Z 



* Leaves and akenes linear or nearly so. 



C. graminifdlia, Nutt. Silvery-silky, with long, lance-linear and grass- 

 like, shining, nerved leaves, and single or few heads. Del., S. 



C. falcata, Ell. Only 4'-10' high, woolly, clothed to the top with short 

 and linear, 3-nerved, rigid leaves, which are often curved or scythe-shaped ; 

 heads small, corymbed. On the coast from Cape Cod to N. J. 



* * Leaves oblong or lanceolate ; akenes obovate, flattened. 



C. gossypina, Nutt. White-cottony all over (whence the name), with 

 oblong, obtuse, rarely toothed leaves, and few pretty large heads. Va., S. 



C. Mariana, Nutt. The commonest species, from L. I., S. ; silky, with 

 long and weak hairs, or smoothish when old, with oblong leaves, and a 

 few corymbed heads on glandular peduncles. 



C. villdsa, Nutt. Coarsely hairy and somewhat hoary, leafy to the 

 top, with corymbed branches bearing single heads on short peduncles, 

 and narrow- oblong leaves. Wis., S. and W. 



11. SOLIDAGO, GOLDEN-ROD. (From Latin : to make whole, 

 from supposed healing qualities.) 2/ Characteristic plants of the 

 American autumn. The following synopsis includes the most impor- 

 tant species. For a fuller account, see the Manual and Chapman's 

 Flora (p. 226). 



* Heads sessile and small, in flat-topped corymbs; leaves linear. 



8. lanceolata, Linn. Leaves lance-linear, 3-5-nerved ; rays 15-20. 

 N. and S. 



S. tenuifdlia, Pursh. Leaves linear, 1-nerved, dotted ; rays 6-12. 

 N. and S. 



* * Heads all more or less pediceled, usually larger; leaves usually 

 broader. 



-i- Scales of involucre with green herbaceous spreading tips. 



S. squarr6sa, Muhl. Leaves large, oblong, or lower ones spatulate- 

 oval ; heads numerous, with 12-16 rays. Me., W. and S. 



S. petiolaris. Ait. Leaves small, oval or oblong, mucronate ; heads 

 few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle ; rays about 10. 111., S. and W. 



*- - Scales not green, nor conspicuously spreading. 



Heads in small clusters in the leaf-axils (or the uppermost sometimes 

 becoming glomerate-spiked). 



= Akenes pubescent. 



8. cassia. Linn. Stem cylindrical, glaucous; leaves lanceolate, ser- 

 rate, sessile ; clusters very short, in upper axils, sometimes racemose on 

 the branches. N. and S. 



