PINE FAMILY. 479 



able for lumber, smooth, greenish bark on young trunks and branches ; 

 pale or glaucous, slender leaves 3'-4' long ; and narrow cones 5'-6' long. 



P. exce/sa, Wall. BHOTAN or HIMALAYAN WHITE P. Ornamental tree 

 barely hardy far N. ; with the drooping and glaucous-green, slender leaves 

 and the cones nearly twice the length of those of White Pine ; cone 6'-10' 

 long, with large, wedge-like, loosely imbricated scales. 



* * NUT PINES, with leaves, etc., as in the preceding section, but short, 

 thick cones of fewer and thick, pointless scales, and large, hard-shelled, 

 edible seeds destitute of a wing. 



P. Cembra, Linn. CEMBRA or Swiss STONE P. of the higher Alps ; 

 small, slow-growing, very hardy, ornamental tree, with green, 4-sided 

 leaves 3'-4' long and much crowded on the erect branches ; cones round- 

 oval, erect, 2' long ; the round seeds as large as peas. 



# * * PITCH PINES and their relatives, with leaves only 2 or 3 in the 

 cluster, scaly-sheathed at the base ; wood resinous. 



i- Leaves 3 in the cluster. All natives, but the last Californian. 

 ++ Cones terminal ; leaves long and slender. 



P. paliistris, Mill. LONG-LEAVED or SOUTHERN YELLOW PINE. Lofty, 

 striking tree of pine barrens from S. Va., S. ; with leaves 10'-15' long, 

 very resinous wood, and cones 6'-10' long ; the scales tipped with a re- 

 flexed, short spine. 



*+ -w- Cones lateral and persistent on the branch long after shedding the 

 seed; the scales thickened at the end, often tipped with a cusp or spine ; 

 leaves rigid. 



P. Taeda. Linn. LOBLOLLY or OLD-FIELD P. Small tree, in light 

 soil, from Del., S., with less resinous wood than the last ; dark-green 

 leaves 6'-10' long ; and solitary cones 3'-5' long ; the scales tipped with 

 a short, straight, or incurved spine. 



P. rigida. Mill. NORTHERN PITCH P. Sandy or thin, rocky soil, 

 abounding along the coast N. and in the upper country S.; a stout tree, 

 with dark-green leaves 3'-5' long from short sheaths ; clustered, ovate- 

 conical cones 2'-3' long ; the scales tipped with a recurved spine or prickle. 

 (Lessons, Figs. 411-413.) 



P. serdtina, Michx. POND P. Small tree in wet ground from N. Car., 

 S.; with valueless wood ; leaves 4'-8' long, and mostly opposite, round- 

 ovate cones 2'-3' long, their scales tipped with a very small and weak 

 prickle. 



P. ponderdsa, Dougl. Planted from Cal., where it is a characteristic 

 tree, with heavy wood, deep-green leaves 6'-ll' long, and clustered cones 

 about 3' long, reflexed on a short stalk. 



- -i- Leaves only 2 in the sheath (Lessons, Fig. 185), or a few of them 

 sometimes in threes, mostly differ. 



** Scales of the cone tipped with a distinct beak or prickle, often recurved. 



P. sylvestris, Linn. SCOTCH PINE (wrongly called also Scotch Fir). 

 The common Pine of N. Eu.; middle-sized tree, known by the bluish- 

 white hue of its flat leaves (2 '-4' long), reddish bark on the trunk, and 

 narrow, tapering cones ; the scales with tubercle-like tips. Common in 

 cultivation. 



P. montana, Du Roi. The dwarf MCGHO PINE, or P. MUGHO of nurs- 

 eries, is a native of S. Eu.; usually a spreading shrub or bushy tree, 

 2-10 high, with stiff leaves 2'-3' long, and smallish, tapering cones with 

 slight points to the scales. 



