12 Frederic E. Clements 



fore a labial (IT, /?, <, //), it becomes /*; before a palatal 

 (*> y> X> Oi it changes to y; before <r, it is elided and the 

 preceding vowel usually lengthens; before another v, it is 

 usually retained. 



(TraAiv), very long; TraAt'AAvro?, loosed again; 

 , back water; TroAi/xTrAavi??, wandering to and fro; 

 o-vfjL/3Xfp.a. (o-w), seam; </*<wis, a growing together; 

 <rvfJi\l/a\fJM, harmony; TraAtyKV/jros, fishing net; o-v'yyovos, 

 congenital; o-iry^poos, of like color; o-vy^ew, to smooth by 

 scraping; /xeAavos, //,eAav-s = ju.'Aas; &xi)u.ovo9, 8at/to7'-crt = 8atjU.o<ri; 

 yiyarros, yiyavr-s yiyas. 



drops its final before o- and a consonant, or before , but the 

 v is simply assimilated before o- and a vowel. 

 , system; trv^w/xa, girdle 



o's, earthquake; <nxr<rw/xos, united in one body 

 IlaAiv assimilates its v before o- and a vowel, and usually retains 

 it before <r and a consonant; before another v, it is either 

 dropped or retained. 

 TraAiWuTos, rushing back; TraAtW/ao? or TraAtcr/aos, deeply 



shaded 



iraAi'va>os, living again; TraAiWosros or TraAtvosros, returning 

 Ayav always drops v, except where doubling or assimilation takes 



place. 



<zyawt<os, dyappoos 

 Ei/ does not change its final before p, <r, or C 



evpt^os, rooted; evorao-is, plan; ev^eVvu/xt, to boil in 



Doubling of Consonants 



(1) In word-formation, initial p is generally doubled when it 



follows a vowel, but remains single after a diphthong. 

 StappwyT?, gap; yXvKvpp<a, sweet root; evpvpwv, broad-flowing; 

 eupios, well-rooted 



(2) An aspirate is never doubled, but the corresponding surd 



takes the place of the first. 2a^^w for 2a<<w, etc. 



(3) Doubling is a frequent phenomenon (mostly in verbs and 



comparatives) when the suffix ya (i) follows the final con- 

 sonant of root or stem; final K, y, x, and, rarely, other 

 explosives, absorbing t, becoming <r<r, 8 becomes , and A 

 becomes AA. 



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