THE LOXGE. -07 



whole of his education, and from his mouth having 

 been gently dealt with, it remains fresh and good, 

 instead of being hard and callous." 



The Instructor should possess, activity and firm- 

 ness, the greatest possible coolness, good temper, and 

 patience ; he must gain the confidence of his horse ; 

 unless he does this, his work is one of brute force, 

 and opposed to all the instincts of an intelligent ani- 

 mal. Horses are by degrees made obedient, through 

 the hope of recompense, as well as from the fear of 

 punishment ; mere force and the want of skill and 

 judgment, tend to confirm vice and restiveness, 

 punishment therefore should never be inflicted on a 

 young horse, except for decided restiveness and down- 

 right vice ; even in that case, so soon as the horse 

 moves forward, he should be treated kindly. 



Care should be taken not to over-fatigue the horse, 

 nor to wish to obtain too much at once. 



THE LONGE. 



Many persons mistake the meaning, or intention 

 of longeing a horse, and suppose it is only to tire, 

 fatigue, and worry a horse into subjection, the design 

 is to make him familiar, and accustom him to be 

 handled. 



It is not recommended to longe a young horse, par- 

 ticularly without a rider on his back, if it can be avoid- 

 ed, as he is apt to rush round the ring, and strain 

 himself ; the longe is however useful, and often neces- 

 sary with refractory horses, but the use of it, should 

 be made the exception, and not the rule. 



The young horse, having a plain snaffle in his 

 mouth, with side reins, fastened to a roller, to which 



