224 APPENDIX. 



when you wish to stop, close both legs, and throw 

 your body back, keep your hand low, and increase 

 the bearing upon both reins, by drawing the arm 

 back. If you do not use the legs, but merely pull 

 at the bridle, you may by strength of arm, stop the 

 horse ; but it will be entirely on his fore hand, and 

 the horse would be under no control. As soon as 

 the horse has obeyed the check, and remains still, 

 ease the reins/' 



LEADING. 



In leading you should never be further forward 

 than your horse's shoulder, with your right hand hold 

 his head in front of you, by the bridle, close to the 

 mouth, and if necessary touch him with the whip 

 with the left hand. 



APPENDIX. 



Mode of constructing an open Circus or School 

 Enclose a circle of a diameter of from 42 to 50 feet 

 with thick planking, or a mud wall, 3^ feet high, 

 with folding doors to be made to open inwards ; and 

 outside this, about three or four feet from the plank- 

 ing, have a mud wall built six feet high ; so that the 

 horse cannot see over it. 



Prepare the ground as follows : 



Dig up the whole of the earth within the circle, a 

 foot in depth ; hollow the centre about six inches, 

 into the shape of a saucer, replace the earth with a 

 few inches of good mould, free from stones, cover the 

 whole with about six inches of straw, or old bedding, 

 which has been well saturated, over the straw, place 

 three inches of good mould, and have the whole 



