History of Dor. 17 



by Geographus Raveiinas^ by Guido^, by Georgius Cyprius 

 (DIOOO)' and on coins*. To this list must be added Polybius (V: 

 Aovpa) and the Tabula Peutingeriana (" Thora ")^ First Macca- 

 bees makes Awpa an indeclinable noun; usually it is treated as a 

 neuter pluraF; occasionally it is regarded as a feminine singular\ 

 How are we to account for the variations in the Greek form of 

 the name ? To the Hebrew *)J^*1 (or ■)i1) early Greek writers 

 would most naturally attach the masculine ending -o«, partly 

 influenced perhaps by the name of the Greek hero Doros^ Thus 

 the earlier Greek form of the town's name arose. As the Aramaic 

 language, however, began to supplant the Hebrew, the Aramaic 

 determinative ending K - " was added to the original name, giving 

 the form ^^111 (or ^^IK*!). The translator of 1 Maccabees was 

 well acquainted with the Aramaic language and therefore used Awpa 

 as an indeclinable noun. Most Greek writers, on the other hand, 

 would represent this ending either as a feminine singular or a neuter 

 plural form. There would naturally be no fixed rule for the accent 

 of the Greek form of this Aramaic name; and, as a matter of fact, 

 we find that in various writers and different manuscripts of the same 

 writer, the accents vary widely. Stephan of Byzantium'" prefers as 

 the ethnic form of the name of this town, AwpiViys. This form is 

 derivable from either Atupa or Atupos, as he proves by analogies 

 drawn from the ethnics of other towns. He mentions, however, 



• Edd. Pinder et Parthey, pp. 89, 357. 

 '^ Geographica, §94. 



3 Ed. Gelzer, p. 51. 



4 G. F. Hill, Coins of Phoen., pp. LXXV, 118.— Hecataeus (c. 500 B. C.) in 

 Steph. Byz. s. v. Aupog reads : fiera de ^ 7ra?.ai Acjpoc, vvv Se Aiopa KoAeirai. This 

 statement in its present form can hardly be original with Hecataeus. For 

 this change in the form of the name probably did not take place until 

 several centuries after Hecataeus wrote. The interpolator states the fact 

 as evident in his own time. 



^ Ed. Desjardins, Seg. IX. 



•^ Josephus usually ; Eusebius, O.S. (-) 280:40,* 283:3 ; the list of bishops in 

 Lequien. 



' Jos., Ant. XIII, 7:3 in several MSS.; Clem. Recog. IV:1. 



^ See Claudius lolaus in Steph. Byz. s.v. Acjpog. 



? Possibly to distinguish the proper name Dor, as ** the walled city " (see 

 p. 19) from other cities to which the term '* dor" {= walled town) might be 

 applied. There was besides in the later Aramaic a tendency to use the 

 determinative ending freely. 



^° S.vi Atjpoc. 



Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. XX. 2 1915. 



