History of Dor. 23 



would seem to be the basis for the construct singular form ri£)^ and 

 for the construct plural HlS^ ^- The reference in the passages cited 

 would then be to the "height" or "heights" of Dor% probably in 

 the hilly and rolling country east of the town proper'. The pres- 

 ence of guard houses cut in the sides of the passage through the 

 ridge near Dreihemeh* would indicate that a garrison was kept 

 there. Without doubt the strategic heights behind the city were 

 also fortified ; in connection with this outpost of the harbor town a 

 settlement would naturally grow up^ To this settlement on the 

 heights, and to the district in which it lay, the name ^N"! T)^^ 

 seems to have been given. The use of the name in the Old Testa- 

 ment, and the occurrence of the plural HlDJ > suggest that a con- 

 siderable territory was included in the term. In the D0"1 DDL^ 

 ( = "High Heavens") district of Sidon, referred to on the stones of 

 the temple of Esmiin excavated near that city, there seems to be a 

 sort of parallel to the terra *)X*1 Dfi^ • This "High Heavens" of 

 the Sidonian inscription seems to be the designation of a district or 

 suburb of the city located, like Naphath Dor, in the hilly region to 

 the East\ The existence of a town on the mainland at Tyre, called 

 IlaAatTvpos^ and the presence of similar off-shoots from the city 

 proper in the case of many of the coast towns, add strong confirma- 

 tion to our explanation of the origin of the name Naphath Dor. 



Opposed to this interpretation of the name is Symmachus'^ ren- 

 dering of n£3<3 as 17 irapaXva. In Joshua 11 : 2 he renders "111 illS^D^ 



^ The long vowel t in the first syllable of the construct indicates that the 

 root of the noun is middle weak ; cf. HDCN)*^ i" B.D.B., p. 928. For jl£3^ 



- T VT 



see below. 



^ A.R.V., "height"; A.V., ** region, coast, border, country". G.A.S. 

 {Hist. Oeog., p. 654) defines the word as "elevation, raised land". 



3 Ges., Thes., 331 says : " Excelsum fortasse promontorium ". "Promon- 

 torium" is improbable, especially in view of the il5^"']73 of 1 Kings 4: 11, 

 which implies a larger area than the slight promontory at Dor. The 

 Carmel promontory would scarcely be referred to in that passage. 



^ See page 14. 



^ The ruins of Dreihemeh itself prove that such suburbs of Dor actually 

 existed. 



« C. C. Torrey in Jour. Am. Orient. Sac. XXIII, pp. 164 ff. ; Cp. XXIV, p. 

 215 ; XXIX, pp. 192 f.; Eiselen, Sidow, pp. 144 f. 



' Hast., D.B., s.v. Tyre ; Ene. Bib. s.v. 



^ F. Field, Origenis Hexapla, in locis. 



