32 George Dahl, 



it collapsed)^ the most striking feature in the neighborhood of 

 Tantiira was a high tower, partly in ruins, situated on a rocky- 

 promontory north of the present town. This was clearly visible at 

 every point from Carmel to Caesarea\ The tower was called 

 el-Burj or Khirbet Tantura, and in shape resembled somewhat the 

 peaked cap or horn (tanttir). Doubtless this, the most character- 

 istic and dominating feature of the vicinity, gave to the place its 

 name, Tantura. With the changes in the name of the peaked cap 

 itself to tartur and torttir^, the name of the ruins and town changed 

 accordingly. 



The ancient name of the town may have played a part in fixing 

 the modern name Tantura*. There is a marked resemblance in 

 sound between Tantura (or Tarttira or Tortura) and Dora, the usual 

 Greek form of the ancient name. In the Semitic languages the 

 dentals d and t sometimes pass over into one another', so that Dora 

 might become Tora'. In fact the Tabula Peutingeriana^ actually 

 gives the name as Thora, which is equivalent to Tora. This would 

 indicate that at a very early period (4th Cent. A. D.?) the name was 

 sometimes pronounced with emphatic t. That the distinction 

 between <> and io is not always strictly observed in this very town 

 is proved by the fact that Dr. Barth plainly heard the natives pro- 

 nounce the name of the town as Dandora®. It appears quite prob- 



1 Schumacher in P.E.F.Q., 1895, p. 113. A. W. Cook, Palestine, 2:173 

 (1901) refers to the tower as though it were still standing. Baed. (4) (1906), 

 pp. 231 f . makes the same error. 



« Murray, Handbook (1875), p. 358; P.E.F.Q., 1873, pp. 99 f.; Baed. (4) 

 (1906), p. 231. 



3 See p. 30. 



"* The theory of Gesenius {Thes. 331) that Tar^ura or Tortura is to be inter- 

 preted k«t> ^^ , "moDs Dorae", is not at all probable. So Riehm, Hand- 



worterbuch I, 285. 



5 Wright, Comp. Gram., p. 53; Gesenius-Buhl, under "j , \^ , J^ ; Lane 

 1819. In Turkish both and lo can be pronounced either as d or t (Zenker, 

 Turk. -Arab.- Per s. Handworterbuch, pp. 418, 588. 



^ Cf . i^'UnJ = (T-a) OnptaKo. (Fraenkel, Aram. Fremdw., p. 240). See also 



Ewald, Ausfiihrliches Lehrbuch (1870), §47 C. 



' Ed. Desjardins, Seg. IX. The Tabula Pent, is probably of the 4th Cent. 

 A.D. 



sRitter, Erdkiiiide XVI, 607-612; Riehm, Handworterbuch I, 283. In 

 Germany the Saxons in like manner often substitute d for t. 



