44 George DaM, 



having been read A). In this last instance, raXctXatas of B is doubt- 

 less to be preferred to the readings of A and the Hebrew. In 

 agreement with the B-text the Hebrew here ought probably to be 

 emended so as to read ^''^il ^- It is probable that, as in 7D'^5 ^^ 

 verse 22, 11*1 Hfi^ of verse 23 and TSl^ in verse 18, a district is 

 referred to. We know of no district called ^^^ ; but the name 



T : • 



*7^^j| is applied to the region on the northern border of Israel's ter- 

 ^itory^ Doubtless this is the district here meant. 



The reference in verse 23 above is to *)1*1 ilD^^ *)1*1 • The 



- T : 



preposition *? of il9^^ is rendered by the American Revised Ver- 

 sion (and usually) "in". The same interpretation of ^ is generally 

 given in bpt? (verse 23) and bfTS^b (verse 22)'. In all these 

 cases, however, the preposition seems rather to be meant in the 

 sense of " namely ", " i. e." This usage is exactly the same as that 

 found in classical Arabic*. An excellent illustration of this use of 



*7is found in Ezek. 44:5: vn^in-'^D'?^ nin^-n^:!! nipH-'^D^ 



: T T : T : •• I ■•. T : 



** Namely, all the statutes of the house of Jehovah and (namely) 

 all its laws". Again in Ezek. 44:9 the expression, ^IDJJ'Q"^^'? 

 should be rendered: "namely (or "i. e.") every foreigner". This 

 use of ^ seems to have escaped the translators of our English 

 Bible. 



In accord with this interpretation we must translate Joshua 

 12:22, 23 above: 



(22) Theking of Kedesh: One\ 

 The king of Jokneam (i. e., Carmel) : One. 



(23) The king of Dor (i. e., the Heights of Dor) : One. 

 The king of Nations (i. e., the District) : One. 



^ So Dillman, Kittel, Holzinger, Bennett, Steuemagel. 



2B.D.B. s.v. '^^'pjj. 



^ To these instances should be added J'j'^ti^'^ in verse 18. This verse 



must be emended to read "]n{< f IHt^'? p£3K H'^^ ^^ Bennett, Holzinger, 

 Steuernagel, et al.). 



^ See especially Torrey, Ezra Studies, pp. 121 f., 273; Comp. and Hist. 

 Value of Ezra-Neh., p. 18; Wright, Gram. (3), II, 151 C ; Ges.-Buhl (13), 

 Handworterhuch, under '^ , § 8b. 



^ The numeral " one" does not appear in the Greek, which is here quite 

 corrupt. 



