78 George Dahl, 



them to her; as well as all the cities this side of the river Eleu- 

 therus, Tyre and Sidon excepted." 



Plutarch^ includes in this gift to Cleopatra, Phoenicia, Coele- 

 syria, Cyprus, a large part of Cilicia, the part of Judea that bears 

 the balsam, and the part of Nabatean Arabia toward the Mediter- 

 ranean, 



Both passages from Josephus above are to be attributed to Nico- 

 laus of Damascus as their source^ In the Antiquities (XV, 4:2,4) 

 Josephus does not state, but distinctly implies that the Jericho 

 region (as in the account in B.J.) was given to Cleopatra, from 

 whom Herod was obliged to rent it. In these parallel narratives, 

 as elsewhere, Josephus is very free in his adaptation of his sources. 



If, as seems probable. Dor is to be numbered among the coast 

 cities in this account, we gain the information that Dor was, for a 

 short time after 34 B. C, at least nominally tributary to Cleopatra, 

 queen of Egypt. 



ANTIQUITIES XV, 9:6 AND BELLUM JUDAICUM I, 21:5. 



In connection with his account of the building of Caesarea by 

 Herod the Great, Josephus mentions Joppa and Dor. These latter 

 are described as smaller maritime cities, unfit for harbors because 

 of the prevalence of violent winds from the south. As a conse- 

 quence merchants are obliged to anchor their ships in the sea oppo- 

 site them. According to Josephus it was for the purpose of pro- 

 viding a safe anchorage on this inhospitable shore between Dor and 

 Joppa that Herod established the port of Caesarea. The account 

 in the Antiquities (XV, 9: 6) reads as follows: 



KciTtti /ji€v yap rj TroAts (i. e., Caesarea) h rfj ^oivUr] Kara Tov ek AtyvTT- 

 Tov TrapaTrXovv 'Iottttt/s /xcto^v koi Awpwv, TroXia-fidrui ravr iarlv TrapaXva 

 Svaopfxa 8ia ras Kara AtySa TrpoajSoXas, cu del rots ck tov ttovtov &Lva<s ctti rrfv 

 T^ova a-vpovaoL Karaywyrjv ov 8t8oao-iv, dW (.(ttlv dvayKoXov d-rroa^aXtveLV ra. 

 TToAA-OL Tovs ifiTTopovs CTT dyKvpa^. 



" This city (i. e. Caesarea) is situated in Phoenicia, on the pas- 

 sage by sea to Egypt, between Joppa and Dor, which are rather 

 small maritime cities and unfit for havens, because of the violent 



1 Ant. 36. See ed. Dochner, II, Vitae 2, p. 1111. 



2 So Holscher, p. 25 ; Destinon, p. 120. 



