i«6 Appendix A 



own cousin to Gawain.^^ A knight of such noble Hneage, thus 

 accompanied and thus distinguished, might well become famous 

 among the chivalrous readers of romance, and thus lend his name 

 to a principality founded by invaders from France.^^ 



The Duke of Clarence and Lionel, as well as Lancelot, Bors, 

 Bedivere, and the brother of the Duke of Clarence, Dodinel le 

 Sauvage, are associated in Gawain and the Green Knighf^ 552-4 : 



Syr Doddinaval de Savage, )?e duk of Clarence, 

 Launcelot, and Lyonel, and Lucan )?e gode, 

 Syr Bors and Sir Bydver. 



This, and the quotation from Chaucer with respect to the Lance- 

 lot,^*' may avail to show that, in the last half of the 14th cen- 

 tury, the romance was well known in England, as we may 

 infer that it was in the Morea in the first quarter of the 13th 

 century. And these, together with the analogies adduced 

 above,*^' will perhaps serve to establish the presumption that both 

 the name and the title of King Edward Ill's son were derived 

 from the Lancelot, at a period when the Table Round was strik- 

 ingly recalled to men's minds by the establishment of the Order 

 of the Garter (1348, or somewhat earlier). 



But where, after all, was the original duchy of Clarence? 

 Perhaps in faerie, or in a country sufficiently near to it; for 

 the romancer,*® apropos of Lancelot's battle-cry, 'Clarence! 



^^ Romans 4. 210. For Galeschin's adventures, see 4, 213-246, 293, 297, 

 309-311, 313, 328. He is described as short and stocky, but bold, alert, and 

 of marvelous prowess. 



*''Cf. Rodd I. 176: 'By a strange irony of fate a Lombard marquis was 

 warden of the pass of Thermopylae, a knight of Flanders was lord in 

 seven-gated Thebes, and a Venetian adventurer ruled over the Cyclades.' 

 Miller (p. 87) quotes from the Venetian, Sanudo: 'He possessed a broad 

 domain and great riches; he was wont to send his most confidential 

 advisers from time to time to the courts of his vassals, to see how they 

 lived and how they treated their subjects. At his own court he con- 

 stantly maintained eighty knights with golden spurs, to whom he gave 

 all that they required, besides their pay; so knights came from France, 

 from Burgundy, and, above all, from Champagne, to follow him. Some 

 came to amuse themselves, others to pay their debts, others because of 

 crimes which they had committed at home.' 



'^^ Ascribed to about the time when Lionel received knighthood, 



"Above, p, 117, 



''Pp. 115-7. 



^ Romuns 4. y6. 



