A Survey of Ancient Peruvian Art. 



335 



to turn his attention to Dr. George F. Eaton's work on the osteo- 

 logical material from Machu Picchu, and to Dr. Hiram Bing- 

 ham's "Types of Machu Picchu Pottery."^^ in the first place, 

 we are justified in assuming that the delicately formed, well 

 decorated aryballus of the type shown in our Plate XIII was one 

 of the ultimate forms of Cuzco pottery by the fact that it is 

 this type of vessel that is found most widespread, even in regions 

 like Ecuador, Chile and Argentina where Inca influence did not 

 arrive until very late. It will be our task therefore to show 

 in a series the forms that led up to the final aryballus type. This 

 we will now do. The series proposed by the writer is made up 

 as follows : 



First Step. 

 Rough, undecorated ware. Ea- 

 ton, Plate XIV, Figure 4. Bing- 

 ham, Fig. 48, No. 7a. Also see 

 Eaton, Plate IX, Figs. 3 and 4 for 

 a variation of the First Step. 



Third Step. 

 Still coarse ware with more pro- 

 nounced neck. Sometimes deco- 

 rated (?). Handles small and 

 moved down from the lip. Eaton, 

 Plate XIV, Fig. 5. Bingham, Fig. 

 48, No. 8a. 



Second Step. 

 Slightly finer ware, sometimes 

 decorated in colors, with enlarged 

 handles and more pronounced neck. 

 Eaton, Plate XIII, Figs, i and 2. 

 Bingham, Fig. 47, No. 6a. 



Fourth Step. 

 The well-known type of Cuzco 

 Aryballus. Our Plate XIII. Ea- 

 ton, Plates V, VII, & X. Bamps, 

 1879. Oyarzun, 1910. Joyce, 1912, 

 Plate XXII, and p. 22^. 



It will, perhaps, be well to say again that the particular crude 

 specimens above referred to are not, in all likelihood, themselves 

 older than the more refined specimens. For example, in the 

 same grave with the specimen representative of the first step, 

 Dr. Eaton found skeletal remains of the coast type, which implies 

 that the pot belonged to people who had come up from the coast 

 at some time subsequent to the Inca conquest of the littoral.^^ 

 The point of the series presented, however, does not dwell in 

 the antiquity of the specimens, but rather in the relative antiquity 

 of the types of form. 



To sum up, then, our impressions of the early Inca culture 

 we will say that the time in which the Inca ayllu was extending 

 its ascendancy over the other Quichua tribes in the neighborhood 

 of Cuzco, the people of the Cuzco region were gradually evolv- 



-^ Eaton, 1916, Plates V-XIV; Bingham, 1915b, entire. 

 '"^ Eaton, 1916, p. 45 ff- 



