The Canadian Hokiicui/ruKiST. 367 



of quinces of 80 acres, and ten acres of sour cherries, chiefly the KngHsh Morello 

 and the Montmorency Ordinaire ; the latter being the j>opuIar market cherry of 

 this region of country. 



One [)aragraph of Mr. Bailey's shows us hov/ wide-awake the fruit growers 

 of New York State are to their business, and the importance of spraying and 

 cultivation, in producing the best quality of fruit. " All these orchards of one 

 hundred and fifty acres, are carefully sprayed for insects and fungi. A hand 

 field force pump, carried upon a tank in a wagon and I'eerless nozzles, are used 

 exclusively. Plums are sprayed two or three times for the septoria, or shot-hole 

 fungus, which causes the premature falling of the foliage, but for curculio the 

 sheets are still used. Plums are treated with the ammoniacal carbonate of 

 copper. The knot is fought industriously. Twice during the summer every 

 tree is carefully examined by two men, who walk up either side of the row. 

 This examination, together with the search which is made in winter, has thus far 

 kept the knot in check ; but all growers in this region are apprehensive of this 

 disease, and the new law for its extermination is being enforced with vigor. 

 Cherries are also sprayed with the copper carbonate to combat the leaf blight, a 

 disease which causes the leaves to fall before the fruit matures. The best fruit- 

 raisers recognize the fact that abundant and healthy foliage is essential to a good 

 crop of fruit. Quinces and apples are sprayed twice with Bordeaux mixture, 

 about a week after the blossoms fall, and again two weeks later. This treatment 

 is aimed at the leaf blight on the quince and the scab-fungus on the apple. For 

 both quinces and apples, Paris green is mixed with the fungicide for the purpose 

 of killing the codling moth larvse. This is a fair sample of the attitude of our 

 New York fruit growers toward spraying. The practice has taken an assured 

 place among the operations of the orchard, and I imagine that if either spraying 

 or cultivation had to be given up for any year, most growers would discontinue 

 the cultivation.' 



Marketing Ungraded Fruit. — " I brought three bushels of Bartlett 

 pears to town today, and I could not get more than 40 cents a bushel. That 

 price doesn't pay, but I had to let them go." This is what a farmer said to us 

 one day. ^^'e turned to look at the fruit. He had been paid all it was worth. 

 The fruit was brought in large baskets holding one and one-half bushels, and 

 was evidently just as it came from the tree — a most unattractive looking lot of 

 fruit. Had this man picked out only two bushels of the finest fruit, rejecting 

 every irregular-shaped and all small and worm-eaten specimens, he would have 

 had no difficulty in getting $1 a bushel and would thus have received 80 cents 

 more for two bushels than he got for three, and had a bushel of inferior pears 

 left. These again assorted would have produced a half bushel of fair pears ; 

 the remainder he should have given to the pigs, or used for drying. — Orange 

 County Farmer. 



