The Canadian Horticulturist. 



125 



doing this early the side branches will often 

 push out and may be also layered, and thus 

 a large number of tip plants may be raised 

 from one in a single season. The best time 

 for planting these is in the spring, and it is 

 not too late when the young plant has begun 

 to grow. One of these tip plants is shown 

 in Fig. 34. It is well furnished with fibrous 



Fig. 34. 



roots, which are easily dried out by the wind 

 and sun, and consequently must be carefully 

 guarded from exposure. 



The other class of 

 raspberry, which em- 

 braces varieties of Ru- 

 bus Idaeus, the Euro- 

 pean garden raspberry, 

 is entirely propagated 

 by suckers, as repre' 

 sented in Fig. 35, and, 

 where the ground is dug 

 or ploughed about old 

 plants, these will spring 

 up in great abundance. 

 The old wood is useless 

 except as a handle in planting and afterwards 

 may be cut close to the surface, 



Canes do not produce fruit more than one 

 year, and may be cut out either soon after 

 fruiting or in the following spring. Consid- 

 ering the ease with which the bushes may 

 be propagated, there is no occasion to pur- 

 chase in large quantities, for when once a 

 man has the varieties he can soon have as 

 many as he wishes. 



Fig. 35. 



THE CUT WORMS. 



29. In this vicinity our gardens suffer from 

 the ravages of the cut worm, which is about 



one inch long by about three-sixteenths in 

 diameter and of a dirty grey color. Any- 

 thing that comes up green in the shape of 

 garden stuff seems to be the attraction and 

 is sure to suffer more or less ; therefore it is 

 necessary to sow considerable more seed. 

 Can you or some of the readers of the 

 Horticulturist tell us how this worm 

 comes to exist, and what will drive it out of 

 the garden ?— W. I. Ott, Oak Lawn, Car- 

 berry, Man. 



There are many species of cut worms, 

 and from the description it would not be 

 easy to identify the one which is troubling 

 our Manitoba correspondent. It is not sur- 

 prising that this enemy should be looked 

 upon as somewhat mysterious in its origin, 

 owing to its nocturnal habits. Like a thief, 

 who steals while others sleep, so this des- 

 tructive worm avoids the light of day and 

 crawls under the surface of the soil to hide. 

 The moth, too, secretes herself in the day- 

 time in crevices of the bark, and is therefore 

 little known. The destructive work of these 

 worms is too well known to need description, 

 as every gardener has had enough unpleasant 

 experience in replanting cabbage, tomato 

 and other plants owing to their ravages. 



The cut worms 

 nearly all belong to 

 the genus Agrotis, 

 of which there are 

 many species, all 

 more or less alike 

 in the larval state, 

 being smooth and 

 naked, and mostly 

 grey, brown or black 

 in color ; though the 

 moths differ more or 

 less in color, size 

 and marks. Among 

 these we briefly re- 

 fer to three species, 

 fo'r the cuts of which we are indebted to the 

 Etomological Society of Ontario. 



1. The Variegated. Cut Worm (Agrostis 

 Saucia) often deposits its eggs on young 



twigs of the apple, cherry or peach, as is 

 shown in Fig. 36, where also may be seen 

 one of the eggs magnified. 



2. The Greasy Cut Worm (Agrostis Ypsi- 

 lon), Fig. 37, is of a dull brown color 



Fig. 36. 



