The Canadian Horticulturist. 



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Kfptv by Prof. J. H. Panton, Ontario Agriculluriil 

 College. Guelph. 



This question is a somewhat difficult one 

 to answer satisfactorily. 



In the absence of stable manure, which 

 among other things is so valuable for the? 

 nitrogen it contains, and of ashes, the source 

 of potash, one is at a loss to name substitutes 

 which will take their place economically. I 

 certainly would advise to secure all of these 

 possible, before resorting to artificial fertili- 

 zers. Even leached ashes are valuable, 

 inasmuch that they have twenty per cent, 

 of the potash still, and all the phosphoric 

 acid. In the absence ot the stable manure 

 and ashes, the nitrogen of the one might to 

 some degree be made up in the use of 

 Sodium nitrate, Guano, or Ammonium Sul- 

 phate ; these are ranked among artificial man- 

 ures and are comparatively expensive. They 

 should be applied only when the plant is 

 able to take them up, as they are very soluble 

 and soon pass away. The potash may 

 be obtained in Potassium Chloride, another 

 fertilizer, or in a mineral called " Kainit," 

 which also contains considerable quantities 

 of potash. I would suggest to the person 

 putting this question, that all the urine from 

 the animals kept be secured, as it is exceed- 

 ingly rich in nitrogen, and may be of great 

 value mixed in the manure. 



difficulty has been the other way, having 

 to thin out for No. i fruit. 



THE SALOME APPLE, 



40. Sir, — Has the Salome apple been 

 tested in Canada ? Please give description. 

 — H.E., Nat>aiu'c. 



We have not fruited this apple, and know 

 of no one who has except Mr. Wellington, 

 who has fruited it for two years at Fonthill, 

 and says he finds it a handsome apple of fair 

 quality. He considers it quite hardy. The 

 fruit is described as of medium size, round- 

 ish, conical ; pale yellow, slightly shaded 

 with red, splashed and striped with dark red ; 

 flesh, tender, juicy, mild sub-acid. January 

 to June. 



GRAFTING THE CHERRY. 



41. Sir, — Can cherries be root-grafted the 

 same as apples. If so, what kind of roots are 

 the best for the purpose, black, red or wild 

 natives, will roots from old trees do, or 

 would seedling be best ? — A Subscriber, 

 Almira, Out. 



Neither cherries, nor any other stone 

 fruits, succeed well when root-grafted ; the 

 usual method of propagating varieties of 

 these is by budding. 



GOOSEBERRIES DROPPING. 

 39. Sir, — What can be done to prevent 

 gooseberries from dropping before they are 

 ripe ? — Subscriber. Almira,Ont. 



Reply by A . Morton, Wingham. 

 I have noticed dropping off of two-thirds 

 grown gooseberries. Examination has sat- 

 isfied me that many of them are affected by 

 a green worm which may, by the casual 

 observer, pass unnoticed, but many are 

 apparently sound and without mark, as 

 stated. I have not extensively investigated 

 the cause, but think it but an exemplification 

 of the " survival of the fittest " in the 

 struggle for existence. It is always greatest 

 in heavily fruited branches and bushes, and 

 considering the sufficiently large crops my 

 bushes bear till maturity. This dropping 

 off is not regarded as a calamity. I know of 

 no remedy better than fertilizing with nitrates 

 and potash will produce better crops. My 



SCOTT'S WINTER APPLE. 



42. Sir, — Will Scott's Winter apple aver- 

 age as large as the Snow ?— H. E., Napance. 



Reply by R. W. Shepherd Jr, Montreal. 



Yes, about as large as "Snow " or Fameuse 

 grown under ordinary circumstances, but not 

 as large as Fameuse grown here. 



The "Scott's Winter" is undoubtedly a 

 hardy tree, and bears abundantly every alter- 

 nate year. Fruit keeps well into April ; 

 quality only "good"; an excellent cooking 

 apple. 



THE GOLDEN WHITE. 



43. Sir, — I send you, per Express, one box 

 containing scions of the Golden White apple, 

 No. 978 ; also a few scions tied apart of an 

 apple originated in this vicinity. It is as 

 large as St. Lawrence, keeps better than 

 Fameuse and good quality in the Fall. It has 

 a bloom like a Decarie apple. — R. Brodie. 

 St. Henry, Montreal, Que. March 20, 1890. 



We hope to have this very valuable Rus- 

 sian apple propagated for distribution next 

 Spring.— Editor. 



