ee- 



\ee|^eps' jHeViecu. 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



Devoted to tlqe Iqterests of Hoqey Producers. 



$L00 A YEAR, 



W. Z. HUTCHINSON, Editon & Prop. 



VOL, IV. 



FLINT MICHIGAN, MAR. 10. 1891, 



NO. 3. 



The special topie of this issue is 



"Protection for Sit)gle- \A/alled 

 Hives." 



That of the next issue ujill be 



" Introducing Queens. " 



Double - Walled Hives and Closed - End 

 Frames. 



S. COENEIL. 



f ADVOCATE the use of permaneiitly 

 packed double-walled hives. The ob- 

 jectioa that they are heavy and cum- 

 ber.some depends for its force upon their 

 construction. I have a siuyle-walled eiyht 

 frame LanL'stroth hive, made in Mr. Hed- 

 don's factory. Its outside dimensions are 

 l.'ixlifsxlO inches, without the bottom board. 

 It weitrhs 91.2 lbs. I have two others of the 

 same kind, only they are double-walled, and 

 are half an inch wider inside. Their out- 

 side dimensions are l<;\x28^xl'^ inches. 

 Their weight is 10 lbs. each, without the 

 packin<i. One is packed with granulated 

 cork, and the other with cut straw, such as 

 is used for fodder. Wlieii packed each 

 weigh'^ l.T lbs. It will be olisfrved that even 

 though half an inch wider inside, the double- 

 walled hives are only ;5"'s inches wider, and 

 4 inches longer, from end to end, than the 

 single-walled hive, and the difference in 

 weight is only iyh^ lbs, I maintain th^t 



where protection is needed these hives are 

 neither so heavy nor so cumbersome as to 

 preclude their use. They can be moved to 

 distant fields, placed in clamps or in cellars, 

 almost as easily as single-walled hives. 

 Their outside walls are of plump % inch 

 stuff, lined with one thickness of building 

 paper to keep out wind. The inside walls 

 are of picture backing ;5-lG inch thick. The 

 space for packing is V^i inches. 



For such hives I make a reversible bottom 

 board like Dr. Miller's. This is not packed. 

 The hive can be set on straw when protec- 

 tion is required for the bottom. 



Those hives are warm, too. I recently 

 made somewhat elaborate experiments to 

 test the relative conductivity of their walls. 

 A pail containing seven and one-half pounds 

 of boiling water was placed in each hive. 

 The tops and bottoms were protected so as 

 to cause the cooling to take place chiefly 

 tlirough the side walls. In my last experi- 

 ment soft wet snow was kept crowded up 

 against the outside of the hives. Thermo- 

 meters were inserted in the covers, so that 

 the V)ulbs reached the hot water. The single- 

 walled hive described above had the top and 

 bottom protected in the same way and was 

 used as a standard for comparison. 



The following were the times of cooling 

 75°. 



Single-walled hive, - ^M^ minutes. 

 Straw-packed hive, - .">70 " 

 Cork-packed hive, - <)7.") " 

 As to the material for permanent packing, 

 I tliink there is nothing available as goQd a^ 



