The Canadian Horticulturist. 249 



In figure 46 we have the root-inhabiting type illustrated, where a shows a 

 healthy root, b one on which the lice are working, c a root which is decaying 

 and has been deserted by them ; d, d, d, indicate how the lice are found on the 

 larger roots ; e represents the female pupa seen from above, / the same from be- 

 low, g winged female, dorsal view, i the antennae of the winged insect, and/ the 

 wingless female laying eggs on the roots ; k indicates how the punctures of the 

 lice cause the larger roots to rot. Most of these figures are highly magnified, 

 the short lines or dots at the side showing the natural size." 



There is another, but less destructive, form which produces galls on the 

 leaves, and which are often seen, especially upon the Clinton grape and other 

 varieties of that type ; but, on the whole, the Phylloxera is far less to be dreaded 

 on this continent, of which it is probably a native, than in Europe, where, since 

 its introduction, it has threatened the wholesale destruction of the French vine- 

 yards, which are the chief dependence of the French horticulturist. Our Amer- 

 ican varieties of grapes seem to be much better able to resist its ravages than do 

 the less vigorous European varieties. 



WAKING'S SEEDLING GOOSEBERRY. 



I send you a sample of a seedling gooseberry which I raised and have grown for several 

 years. The bush is an upright and strong grower, heavy cropper, very healthy, and has 

 not shown any signs of mildew. It is also a very early variety, ripe berries being picked 

 on the 12th of this month. It is also a pleasure to pick the fruit from this variety ; it is 

 almost entirely free from thorns, one can pick the berries without getting a scratch. 



I have had a call from two gentlemen in the nursery business and several others in- 

 terested in fruit growing, and one and all pronounce it to be a great acquisition to the goose - 

 i)erry family ; all are loud in their praises as to the quality and fine flavor of the berry, 

 and being a gooseberry bush without thorns it is considered a very valuable variety. 



I should esteem it a great favor if you will give me your opinion of the berries as to 

 quality, flavor, etc. A description in the Canadian Horticulturist might be interesting 

 to fruit growers, and to our brother members of the Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario, 

 and readers of the C. H. 43 Portland St. , Gait, Ont. 



This gooseberry bears out all that is said of it by Mr. Waring, so far as we can 

 judge from samples. The form is oval, and larger than Downing ; skin smooth, 

 thin, transparent, almost white ; flesh tender, sweet and excellent quality. 



SUMMER PRUNING OF THE GRAPE. 



Sir, — Would you recommend pruning grapes at this season, or after they have set ? 

 Would it injure the fruit to cut them back, say within two or three leaves or eyes of the 

 fruit ? They have grown so long it is well nigh impossible to tie them up, without cramp- 

 ing the growth of the bushes. Wm. McM., Niagara. 



Summer pruning of the grape is very little done by Canadian fruit growers, 

 not because there is no benefit to be derived from it, but because few of them 

 have the leisure to attend to it in a proper manner. The consequence is that 

 the vineyards become a perfect mat of vines before the time of the grape 

 harvest. 



