The Canadian Horticulturist. 361 



AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY— II. 



OST of the important points brought out at the meeting 

 have now been so widely quoted, that only a brief resume 

 will be given, emphasizing the facts elicited likely to be 

 of greatest interest to the readers of the Horticulturist. 

 Mr. J. H. Hale, in an interesting talk on small fruit cul. 

 ture, spoke of the necessity of thorough preparation of 

 the soil before planting, and the very slight danger there 

 was of enriching it too highly. Wood ashes for their potash, bone meal for its 

 phosphoric acid were useful and practical commercial fertilizers, and used exten- 

 sively in Connecticut. For weakly growing plants use nitrogenous manures. 

 As a rule, too many plants were grown to the acre. His preference was to grow 

 them in hills six feet apart each way, giving thorough cultivation with heavy 

 manuring. It paid him, in marketing small fruits, to grade them as we do apples 

 and pears, and to use every possible means to place them upon the market in as 

 attractive a condition as possible. Little attentions to the appearance of the 

 fruit, when shipping, often counted heavily in the receipts. Mr. Lovett, of New 

 Jersey, read a paper on " New and Promising Small Fruits." Among strawber- 

 ries, Cloud, Osceola, Lady Rusk, Shuster Gem, Edgar Queen, Eureka, Mrs. 

 Cleveland, Parker Earle and Gandy were favorably mentioned. Of black cap 

 raspberries, Michigan, Palmer and Older were recommended, and North Star 

 among the new currants. 



An interesting paper was presented by Prof. B. T. Galloway, Chief of the 

 Pathological Division of the Department of Agriculture, giving the latest and 

 best information in the treatment of plant diseases. Showing by statistical proof 

 that the damage to the fruit interests of the United States in 1890 amounted to 

 over ninety millions of dollars, he went on to give the various remedies which 

 are now becoming common practice in the economy of the wide-awake fruit 

 growers. The pear leaf blight, so injurious to fruit stocks, can be almost entirely 

 controlled by six or seven applications of Bordeaux mixture. Nurseries contain- 

 ing not more than 50,000 stocks can be managed with a knapsack pump, where 

 they are grown in larger quantities a horse and force pump are necessary, and 

 this pump can be so rigged as to spray four rows at a time. 



For powdery leaf blight of apple and cherry, the ammoniacal solution has 

 given satisfactory results when applied early. In treating apple scab, the pro- 

 fessor found the ammoniacal solution and modified eau celeste equally satisfac- 

 tory, but experiments had demonstrated that three sprayings, commenced early 

 in the season, gave as good results as five or six later sprayings, and concluded 

 that with even moderate care the disease could be prevented at a cost of from 

 ten to twenty cents per tree. 



