362 The Canadian Horticulturist. 



The results of an exhaustive study, covering several years of the disease known 

 as peach yellows, were given by Dr. Smith. His efforts in finding a remedy so 

 far have been entirely futile. The whole amount of our knowledge may be sum- 

 med up thus : I St. Direct cause unknown. 2nd. Disease is transmissable. 

 3rd. No remedy yet discovered. His experiments prove very conclusively that 

 no method of soil treatment will give immunity. 



Dr. Riley, in contrasting the efficacy of the arsenites as against the old jarring 

 method in combatting the curculio, stated that the number killed was about 

 equal with the difference in labor, much in favor of the arsenites. Then in cases 

 of trees with foliage sensitive to injury, as the peach and plum, the danger could 

 be entirely averted by the addition of lime to the insecticide, though it might, in 

 a slight measure, lessen its effectiveness. In the case of apple maggot, no avail- 

 able remedy had been devised except the destruction of the fallen fruit. The 

 application of all fungus and insect remedies in as fine a spray as possible was 

 urged. The best nozzle for this purpose is the Cyclone or Vermorel Improved 



A bright and interesting paper, by Chas. W. Garfield, of Michigan, on " Local 

 Problems in Pomology," impressed the thought that although a few fruits were 

 almost universal in their climatic range of adaptation, yet the greatest successes 

 were attained where orchardists studied closely their local conditions, and after 

 testing carefully a number of varieties planted largely of those which succeeded 

 best on their own soil; "If you are unable to test or cannot afford the time, then 

 observe closely the work of your nearest neighbor in similar lines." 



In a paper on "Commercial Peach Growing," Mr. Taylor, of Michigan, 

 recommended a sod turned under the previous year as good preparation of the 

 soil for a peach orchard, this, of course, being brought into a fine state of mel- 

 lowness by qultivation before planting. Trees must not always be chosen for the 

 fine quality of fruit, as these are often most unproductive. Plant with a view to 

 a succession in time of ripening. Trim tree to a whip and cut back in spring to 

 form a head. Cultivate up to August ist. Corn is a good orchard crop the 

 first and second years. Thorough cultivation will lessen the amount of fertili- 

 zers needed. A long list of fruits was given by Mr. Vandeman, under " Novel- 

 ties in Pomology." The following are a few which would seem to be of greatest 

 value to Canadian planters : Apples — North Western Greening and Windsor, 

 both of Wisconsin ; season, winter. Lacon and Garfield, winter apples from 

 Illinois ; also Hennepin, grown by A. H. Gaston, of Lacon, Illinois — a winter 

 fruit, promising for market. Whinney, originating with Geo. J. Streator, Garrets- 

 ville, Ohio, spoken of as an exceedingly attractive dessert apple of fine quality. 



Among the Japanese plums, Mr. Vandeman recommended Botan, Kelsey 

 and Burbank as being decided acquisitions to the peach growing belt. Burbank 

 was spoken of as taking the lead of the seedlings and sports of Prunus Ameri- 

 cana — specially valuable in the North — nearly all originating in the Mississippi 

 Valley. Chas. Downing, Hawkeye, Cheney, Hudloff, Gaylord, Hopp and Rock- 



