HOOD RIVER-WHITE SALMON RIVER AREA. 27 



exception the type can hardly be termed desirable agricultural soil 

 and is best adapted to grazing. 



ROUGH STONY LAND. 



This type includes all areas where rock is present in such quan- 

 tities as to render the soil nonagricultural, except that portions of the 

 type may be utilized to some extent for grazmg. It mcludes lava 

 gorges through which several of the streams m the area have their 

 courses, areas of rock outcrop on the crests and steeper slopes of 

 the mountains, and recent lava flows. The largest single body of 

 this type is m the southwestern part of the area about 1^ miles 

 west of Parkdale, where one of the last flows of lava from Mount 

 Hood lies as a high, broad, steep -sided ridge 100 to 400 feet above 

 the surrounding country. This ridge rises abruptly from the lower 

 sods and is made up of innumerable angular blocks of lava of 

 varying sizes, which are unweathered and apparently as fresh as 

 though but recently cooled. A few scattermg pines are found on 

 the ridge, but these are growing m small pockets where the soil has 

 apparently been lodged by the wind rather than derived from the 

 breakmg down of the lava. The remamder of this type, excepting 

 the recent talus slopes at the base of some of the steeper areas, is 

 covered with a scattering stand of fir and pine. 



ROCKFORD STONY CLAY LOAM. 



The typical Rockford stony clay loam is a clay loam of rather 

 light texture and of light-brown to reddish-brown color, except in 

 localities of deficient drainage, m which the color of the surface is 

 darker. The soil is usually underlain at a depth of about 12 inches 

 by a reddish-brown to yellowish-brown, compact clay loam, in turn 

 resting on a stratum of compact glacial tUl. 



Fragmental rock consistmg of glacial bowlders is present in all 

 of this type in such quantities that its removal is necessary before 

 the soil can be cultivated. In a few places the quantity of rock is 

 so large that it is doubtful whether it would be profitable to clear 

 the land. The rock fragments vary m size from pieces only a few 

 inches m diameter to bowlders several feet m diameter. 



Typical bodies of this soil are moderately rolling and differentiated 

 from the bordermg types by beiag slightly elevated. The surface 

 drainage is generally good, but subdrainage is somewhat imperfect, 

 owing to the compact subsoil, and in a few places the lack of drainage 

 is indicated by a dift'erence in the color of the soil. 



The Rockford stony clay loam occurs tyj^ically over the sloping 

 floor of the valley west and southwest of the town of Hood River. 

 One small body occupies a terrace or elevation above Hood River 

 near Dee. 



