40 



FIELD OPERATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF SOILS, 1912. 



Ill the White Sahnon Valley most of tlu^ laud is still uncloaivd and on 

 much of it a heav^^ stand of fir remains. 



With the exce]->tion of the body where the dramage conditions are 

 not well established, all of tliis soil is well adajjted to the i)roductiou 

 of large and small fruits. In the moister areas forage crops j-ield 

 well. It is utihzed mauily for the ]>roductiou of apples, strawberries, 

 and graui and hay crops. 



The follo^ving table gives the average results of mechanical analyses 

 of the soil and of a single analysis of the subsoil of tliis tj-j^e: 



Mechanical analyses of Wind River loam. 



WINANS GRAVELLY SANDY LOAM. 



The soil of the Winans gravelly sandy loam varies widely in texture, 

 but it is typically' a light-textured, light-bro^\^l or grayish-brown 

 sandy loam containing a large quantity of subangular to well- 

 rounded cobbles, bowlders, and graA'el. The subsoil is similar in 

 color, texture, and structure to the soil and generally extends to a 

 depth of 6 feet or more. It is underlain by a stratum of waterworn 

 gravel, cobbles, and sand, sometimes at a depth of less than 6 feet. 



This is one of the less important types of the area, bemg found hi 

 only a few small bodies along the Hood River. It occupies bottom 

 lands in recent narrow stream vallej^^s, but is generally elevated 

 several feet above the stream channel and is not subject to overflow. 



The type varies from small areas of soil of fahly uniform surface 

 to long, narrow areas where the surface slopes sharply toward the 

 stream. The areas are commonh' marked by former stream channels. 



The Winans gravelly sandy loam is a rather recent alluvial soil, 

 composed of material ])robably derived mauily from near-by areas 

 of stony glacial till. 



The agricultural value of this type is dependent upon the quantity 

 of fragment al rock in the soil, the character of the forest, and the 

 regularity of the surface. It is not an important agricultural soil 

 but is utilized to some extent for the production of apples, straw- 

 berries, and hay crops. The larger part of the type is rather porous, 

 and excessively drainetl, and without ii-rigation is not well adapted 

 to the production of orchard or forage crops. 



